Essay on Technology And Communication - 1697 Words

As I write this Im sitting in the Vancouver airport in the departure lounge which I find offers one of the more interesting places to study electronic communication. Although this is a completely unscientific study from my current vantage point I can currently see 35 people. 14 of those are either talking on their cell phones or sending text/email messages. 6 people are using their laptop computers, 9 people are reading, 4 are listening to music and 2 people are idle. An interesting side note is that the 2 idle participants in my informal study are a 2 year old while the other is an older woman that is over 70 years old by my guessestimate. I often like to study electronic communication habits while traveling because being on an airplane†¦show more content†¦The ability to communicate across space without the constraints of time, cost of transport, or geographic considerations changed the very fabric of human communication. The advent of the telegraph coincided with technol ogical advances that made travel across long distances easier and faster than ever before. Not only was the physical portion of message delivery removed from the equation but the message was able to pass even the fastest of these new physical transportation devices. These twin forces of technology began to change the way in which messages were valued, transmitted, and processed. The process of cultural acceleration had begun. The current concept of cultural acceleration is a product of an endless stream of new technologies in our lives, and especially, media technologies (Black, 2007: Oct 23, slide 38). However this full speed ahead approach to communication and technology is not without danger. Without caution we risk becoming the Titanic again, overly optimistic of technology as a method of overcoming basic irrefutable laws of nature. Any ship can sink due to the basic laws of physics and humans can become overwhelmed by messages due to the basic nature of our organic processing speed. Engineering, software, and adaptation can greatly enhance our external abilities to process and organize messagesShow MoreRelatedTechnology and Communication1006 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication technology is a necessity for human interaction. It plays an important role in acquiring and disseminating information. Regardless of time and boundary, technology helps provide information for the decision making process. Communication technology is important in the human civilization process. At the end of this topic you should be able to explain the importance of communication technology, define comm unication technology, explain its impact and influence, explain its influence onRead MoreTechnology and Communication1543 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology and Communication We know that communication is important in every part of our lives and technology is forever changing the different ways we are able to communicate. Because technology is continuously being advanced the way people communicate in the criminal justice system must evolve to keep up with the current trends. It is important that we keep up with the changing technology in regards to communication because effective communication is the direct result of a successful investigationRead MoreCommunication Technologies809 Words   |  4 PagesKelly Allen Prof Binegar English 111-05 09/18/12 Communication Technologies Communication technologies are being used worldwide than ever before. It is a new and improved way of communicating with your friends. I use communication technologies in my everyday life as well. Examples that assist me on a daily basis are facebook, text, and e-mail. It is a lot quicker and more convenient to do these communication technologies than trying to communicate with my friends in person. People todayRead MoreThe Communication Technology Essay1669 Words   |  7 PagesThe revolution in the communication technology is leaving nothing to chance with the field of medicine having its fear share of the impacts. The cost of hospitalization is increasing at an increasing rate yet the health insurance is not comprehensive enough to take care of the many lifestyle diseases common in the modern population. The communication technology is here facilitating the cost cutting strategies in the field of medicine, from diagnosis to the final healing stages. It is not surprisingRea d MoreTechnology and Communication803 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology and Communication Paper Technology has affected all aspects of life and the criminal justice system is no exception. There are so many ways where technology has been incorporated in the criminal justice and police departments that I really do not know where to start. The invention of the lie detector test was huge in my opinion. It can be given in the criminal justice system to try to get to the bottom of the truth. In police departments you have the use of closed circuit televisionsRead MoreCommunications Technologies1815 Words   |  8 PagesStudent’s Name Case Study 1: Florida Department of Management Services, Part 1 CIS 505 Communication Technologies Professor’s name May 5, 2013 Analyze the security mechanisms needed to protect the DMS systems from both state employees and users accessing over the internet: Department of Management Services (DMS) has chosen to expand their applications and services via TCP/IP and Internet access. DMS uses a widely used proprietary scheme: IBM’s Systems Network Architecture (SNA) which providesRead MoreInternet Communications Technology : The Future Of Internet Communication Technology800 Words   |  4 Pages Today, the internet is the main source of communication. At once, the communication consisted of putting pen to paper, has now been reduced to a few key-strokes and a click of a mouse, now people can correspond via E-mail, faster and easier than traditional mail services. The positive aspects of the Internet are infinite. The beginning of Internet communication technology is a positive move toward overall global advancement, but the costly social impact is what concerns many families and sociologistRead MoreTechnology And Its Role On Communication1245 Words   |  5 PagesSUMMARY With the passage of time men has advanced in technology in fulfilling his needs and desires. After the mechanical evolution world is now living in evolution of Informational Technology. Mechanical evolution innovate means of transportation whereas Information Technology invented a new way of communication called Internet. Astoundingly communication can be done from anytime anyplace all over the world through internet. The number of people especially among young generations internet is gainingRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Communication955 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology has changed the way individuals communicate and limits the number of face-to-face conversations. Technology affects the way individuals keep in contact with one another and it has taken over people’s lives. People have become more dependent on technology to function every day, and without it, their lives are incomplete. However, technology does not negatively affect communication in some circumstances. Miscommunication, emotional intelligence, and information technology are key characteristicsRead MoreThe Impact Of Communication Technology955 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Thanks to the advancement in communication and computer science, nearly anything you can imagine is just a click away.† (Ertem, 2015) Technology has revolutionized the way we conduct business worldwide. You can now video chat with customers who are across the world, in just a few seconds. Communication technology is essential in growing your business and improving efficiency. Since the 1980’s technological advancements have certainly grown substantially, which help with productivity and efficiency

Of Mice and Men Draft - 783 Words

How does Steinbeck present the characters of Crooks and Curley s wife ? In what way are these minor characters shown to be significant throughout the novel ? In John Steinbeck s novel, Of Mice and Men, we gather our first impressions of Curley s wife from Candy, a man with one arm and who s only companion is his dog and is his equivalent of a friend, which he has had since it was a pup. I had im since he was a pup. We develop our initial impressions of Curley s wife as being flirtatious, attention seeking and even promiscuous . Candy uses expressions such as she got the eye and goes on to call her a tart. Well, I think Curley s married...a tart. These are the first of many derogatory terms used to describe her. This†¦show more content†¦Curley s wife because of her gender and Crook s because of his race. Steinbeck uses these characters as an example of the prejudice in 1930 s America, and uses the ranch as a microcosm for this. As a reader, we begin to relate with Curley s wife when she enters Crook s residence where Crooks is talking to George and Lennie. She enters the room, pretending to be looking for Curley. The men respond to her negatively and act coldly towards her. She begins to talk about her loneliness and how she does not want to be seen as an item, and live her own life. ...Think I don t like to talk to somebody ever once in a while? Think I like to stick in that house alla time? This desire for company and to live her dream, can be seen in her final scene when she confides in Lennie, telling him about her longing for someone to talk too and the tragic story of marrying someone she does not love. I don t like Curley. He ain t a nice fella. After Curley s wife talks about her loneliness she begins to verbally attack the men about their lack of concern and apathetic attitude towards Curley. After Crooks asks her to leave, she threatens with him lynching. Curley s wife knows that she could easily have this done, as she is married to the bosses son and canShow MoreRelatedGrapes of Wrath and of Mice and Men: Character Study991 Words   |  4 PagesGrapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men: Character Study The American Novelist, John Steinbeck was a powerful writer of dramatic stories about good versus bad. His own views on writing were that not only should a writer make the story sound good but also the story written should teach a lesson. In fact, Steinbeck focused many of his novels, not on average literary themes rather he tended to relay messages about the many hard truths of life in The United States. Upon winning the Nobel Peace PrizeRead MoreOf Mice And Men Modernism1619 Words   |  7 Pages One of John Steinbeck’s early drafts of his most famous work, Of Mice and Men, was eaten by his dog. This did not discourage him from finishing it and going on to write more stories and novellas, becoming one of America’s most beloved authors. John Steinbeck is seen as a very important important figure of the Modernist literary period; known for his observations of human conditions during the Dust Bowl era, mainly his book Of Mice and Men which truly takes a detailed look at the Great DepressionRead More Comparing the Novel and Movie of Steinbecks Of Mice and Men1297 Words   |  6 PagesComparing the Novel and Movie of Steinbecks Of Mice and Men Who doesnt know of John Steinbecks classic novel Of Mice and Men? It is a novel that almost everyone educated in the United States has either read it or pretended to read it. But how many have seen the 1992 film Of Mice and Men? The relative obscurity of 1992 screen version of this timeless drama does not mean that it was poorly done. Just the contrary is true, it is one of the best film adaptations of a novel that I haveRead MoreLiterary Analysis : Of Mice And Men1009 Words   |  5 PagesLiterary Analysis Rough Draft Friendship and companionship play a big role in people s life and how they interact with others, and the world in general. How people build relationships is something that will stick with them for the rest of their lives. The less relationships that people build, the more lonely, and self-kept they become. Throughout the book Of Mice and Men, George, and Lennie are examples of the positive effects on building relationships, and Crooks is an example of the negativeRead MoreEssay on The Discovery Of The Structure Of DNA1526 Words   |  7 Pagesresponse. Griffith noticed that mice injected with the S-strain eventually became ill and died, while mice injected with the R-strain suffered no ill effects. He also noted that S-strain pneumococci that had been killed by heat caused no harm. But Griffith’s breakthrough came when he found that mice injected with a mixture of live R-strain and heat-killed S-strain died from infection. Furthermore, he was able to isolate live S-strai n bacteria from these dead mice. From this, Griffith was ableRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s The Great Gatsby 1101 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Rough Draft Paper By: Elizabeth Mozey December 11, 2015 English 2 Ever wondered who was the best author in America? John Steinbeck was an amazing author and his life story was also interesting. Steinbeck had an interesting childhood, family, and adult life, along with award winning novels. John was born to be a writer and it didn’t just brighten political views but really influenced his time. Some characters in his novels and inspirations mainly came from Salinas valley. John SteinbeckRead MoreThe Role the Media Played in Helping the United States Join World War II1142 Words   |  5 Pagesseen to be inherently democratic as it was produced ‘by the people for the people’.† (Murray 142) †¢ â€Å"Women were also warned that if they did not work then a soldier would die, people would call them slackers, and they were equivalent to men who avoided the draft. †(Rupp 96) †¢ â€Å"The United States still often referred to the Japanese as â€Å"Japs† or other racially derogatory names. The words and images left to us by propaganda remain in a nations collective memory.† (Navarro) †¢ â€Å"We Can Do It† – RosieRead MoreReflection On Unconscious Thoughts, By The United States1513 Words   |  7 Pageswith so much intelligence, the underlying thought often overlooked is what the parameters of that distinction truly are. Society often hears of heroes throughout history who sacrifice themselves for others, yet do not seem to acknowledge the brave men and woman in the army who sacrifice their most basic human need of survival to ensure the safety of Americans. When put into a situation where the need arises for a person to endanger himself to benefit the mass, it is important to consider what unknowingRead MoreEssay on John Ernst Steinbeck II: A Brief Biography891 Words   |  4 PagesSteinbeck Biography.) John Steinbeck was considered one of the greatest writers in American history. Steinbeck mainly focused on writing novels, novellas, and play writes. Many of his famous works can be found still in todays libraries like; Of Mice and Men, Tortilla Flat, The Grapes of Wrath and many others. Steinbeck started writing at the age of 14 years old, his first book published was Cup of Gold when he was 27 years old. Since the writing of Cup of Gold Steinbeck has written countlessRead MoreCan our Genes determine our sexual preferences? Draft 2 3/18/2014 Luke2700 Words   |  11 Pages Can our Genes determine our sexual preferences? Draft 2 3/18/2014 Luke Hudson-Piccione Table of Contents Rationale 1 Introduction 1 Maternal Immune Hypothesis 1 Early Fixation Hypothesis 2 Are Sexual Preferences Hereditary? 2 Could Homosexuality be a result of epigenetic development? 3 Are Homosexuals Mutations? 3-5 Does Gender Non-conformity Influence our preferences? 5-6 Are Twins More Prone to Homosexuality? 6 The Ovine Model 6-7 Influence on society 7 Conclusion

Cognitive Ergonomics Report Ladbroke Grove Rail Crash

Cognitive Ergonomics Report: Ladbroke Grove rail crash Introduction On the 5th of October 1999 at 8.06 am, a light commuter train left Paddington station from Platform 9 on route to Bedwyn in Wiltshire. Approximately three minutes later the train collided with a high-speed train coming from the opposite direction at a combined speed of 130 mph causing the deaths of 31 people, including the drivers of both trains (~400 injured). IK20 passed signal SN109 on gantry 8 at red for danger, travelling at 41 mph and accelerating. This report investigates potential cognitive factors that could be plausible answers as to why the disaster of Paddington Rail occurred. The factors that will be covered are the driver of Thames Turbo Train, Michael Hodder. Due to many theories as to why the train failed to stop after being ordered to do so, it is important to investigate which theories are plausible in terms of cognitive factors. The factors and subjects that will be addressed relate to Alertness, Attention, Visual Perception and Training. All of these factors are crucial when focusing on this incident, as if any of these theories were to be accepted as the cause of the event, it is important to understand how to prevent future situations of a similar nature. Alertness Although there is no legitimate way to determine why the driver of the Thames Turbo Train, Hodder, missed the amber signals, it is a plausible cause that the driver was suffering from fatigue or was lacking in

The Economic Development And Security Essay - 1040 Words

Final Paper Thesis Statement With the emerging of Globalization throughout the world most developing countries have not seen the positive impact that other Developed countries have seen with Globalization in either economic or political stability. It has been the thought of many intellects (Political scientist) that the strength of a government and of its people security are tied to directly to the poverty in one’s nation. This relationship comes from the end of World War II. In the last several years many have started to question the wisdom of this thought process. â€Å"While the relationship between economic development and security is a complex one, it has long been common wisdom among policymakers that poverty is a causal factor in security issues, if not the direct cause (Muller pg1)†. As the world closed the chapter on World War II, political leaders looked to stop wars from beginning, thus the creation of the United Nation (UN) was born, other organizations such as the World Health organization (WHO), and the World Bank along with the International Monterey Fund (IMF) all with the idea that with these tools at hand poverty and economic stability could be achieved for even the most developing countries. This paper will discuss how even with so many new organization and a will by so many nation to work together to avert war after so much fighting and the total devastation to the world that peace and war along with economic and political stability are so elusive stillShow MoreRelatedHow Did The Second World War Affect The Development Of1405 Words   |  6 PagesHow did the Second World War affect the development of Japan? Introduction The Second World War was the bloodiest conflict in the history of humanity. It has largely affected the evolution of many nations throughout the whole globe. This essay focuses on the impact of World War II on the vector of development of Japanese state. In this paper, I will argue that the war had a huge effect on Japan and that it has fundamentally changed the future of the Asian state in a positive direction. My essayRead MoreThe United States Foreign Aid to Developing Countries: A Research Report1679 Words   |  7 Pagesthe ideas of the Enlightenment: equality, opportunity, and universal-brotherhood. The U.S. is currently the worlds leader in foreign aid to developing countries. It gives foreign aid to such countries in order to promote political stability and economic prosperity, a natural interest for any global hegemon. This aid comes in the form of money, food, humanitarian work, and military assistance. The countries who receive the foreign aid certainly need assistance, but do not always use the aid wiselyRead MorePost Invasion Of Iraq And The Elements Of Disaster1340 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen beneficial or costly for the security, economic and political landscape in Iraq? In this literature review I will add scholarly discussion to consolidate evidence to answer the aforementioned research question and utilize reconstruction as a methodological component to measure if it has ushered in securitization, political inclusion or economic empowerment. I will also employ the theoretical framework of neoliberalism to illustrate the policy-making and economic interests that were e mployed inRead MoreInterview Paper : Urban Conflict And Peacebuilding1117 Words   |  5 Pagesacross the developing countries. Individuals are relocating into urban centres more than ever. The purposes behind this development are different: range from economic benefits offered by urbans to depletion of natural resources to looking for assurance from conflicts. This quick pace of urbanization has prompted fragile urban situations - urban centres unable for giving required security, basic services, and infrastructures to an increasing number of inhabitants. It results in urban inhabitants beingRead MoreYemen Civil War Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagespotential for development in Yemen when basic security can be provided†. In short, basic security is a necessity for progress. While not yet ideal, as Marib’s lack of sufficient security prevented Hubbard from â€Å"roaming freely†, Marib has nevertheless been able to attract 73,000 people who were displaced in other parts of Yemen over the past few years. Unlike the rest of Yemen, where people are unable to even meet their most basic needs, Marib has been enjoying signs of economic development and progressRead MoreApartheid: Theory and Practice During the Apartheid era the international media that highlighted1300 Words   |  6 Pagesfeatures of the changed thinking and application of security are predominantly significant with consider to the Southern African region and to security thinking in general. The first is the interconnectedness between security thinking and practice and the simultaneous influence, very often directly, that such thinking has on security application. The second (and the first - confirmation of this) is the extent of continuity and change within security practice, again also witnessed within Southern AfricaRead MoreAnalysis Of Bolsa Familia Springs From A Long Tradition Of Welfare And Development1471 Words   |  6 PagesBolsa Familia springs from a long tradition of welfare and development strategies in Latin America. Economic and social development are of central concern to governments and development agencies worldwide due to their direct link to equality. This can be explained through the well-defined link between income levels and health, education and nutritional outcomes, emphasizing the importance of addressing inequality in order to break the cycle of intergenerational poverty. Thus, reducing inequalityRead MoreRussia QA Essay1604 Words   |  7 PagesUnited Nations Security Council; it is also a member of the Group of 20(G20), Group of 8(G8) and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. This paper will critically examine the Russian national purpose and ideology, national power and international relationships as well as foreign policy. The paper will also describe the Russian commitments and its national security relationships with the United States. Question one. National purpose of Russia Russia is keen to increase her economic growth, protectRead MoreTraditional And Non Traditional Threats Of State Security1650 Words   |  7 PagesTraditionally, threats to state security were seen as little more than the armies of other states.   Security was understood simply in terms of threats to state sovereignty and territory, which generally involved the use of military forces and diplomacy to deter and oppose the threats.   While a case can be made that the military threats in this Century are as apparent as ever, it is now generally recognised that they are not the only threats that face states and the people in them. Since the endRead MoreEssay on Globalization1614 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization includes aspects like: economics, politics, ideas, knowledge, culture, society, environment, health, social etcetera. Though globalization can be traced back into time immemorial, but the extent and magnitude of present globalization is unprecedented. The integration and interdependence of globalization implies that today local event can have global impact and vice-versa. With the ongoing globalization process, it raises concerns about international security. Academic debate of whether globalization

Operational Management of M Porting Company

Question: Discuss about theOperational Management of M Porting Company. Answer: Introduction A company is a separate legal entity from its owners with an objective to carry out commercial activities (Murray, 2009). The production department involving turning ideas into products has operational costs. Operations management aims to this minimise costs and maintaining high efficiency. Minimisation of unnecessary expenditures enables a company to maximise profitability. This paper seeks to analyse the sewing operations of M porting company. M porting company manufactures fabric covered metal canisters. Cartridges store and transport cameras and survey equipment. The types of canisters made are standard canisters with hinged lids and discount canisters with flat lids. The assembly of the cartridges gets done within the company except for the sewing operations that are outsourced. M porting company increased its advertising after Donnie, one of the company owners, developed a canister to hold survey equipment. This led to an increase in the production demand. With the rise of application, M Porting got required by the customers to produce more so as to meet the market demand. In the next six months, they are expected to produce an average of one thousand standard canisters and five hundred discount canisters per month. An increase in demand has posed challenges to the production system. Changes are necessary to ensure the company remains profitable (Murray, 2009). M porting company outsources its sewing operations. The reason is that the current facility layout gets designed for product development rather than production. Outsourcing has led to additional labour cost and transportation cost that could get reduced. Besides, there is a product lead time. From the latter argument, outsourcing is both advantageous and disadvantageous if applied by M Porting Company. Donna, the other company owner, has decided to move the sewing operations to the facility. She has two sewing machines and has a challenge of whether to add more to ensure efficiency. The sewing operations are for manufacturing fabric covers and carrying straps (Bharadwaj, 2010). According to the provided indented bills of materials, every canister requires one fabric cover and one carrying strap. If every canister is attached to one fabric cover that conforms to its role, productivity rate is high. With a demand of fifteen thousand canisters, a total of fifteen thousand fabric covers and carrying straps remain required. Two sewing machines will, therefore, be inadequate. Table 1 on route sheets for parts and assemblies shows that a single sewing machine takes fifteen minutes to produce a single fabric cover and would take eight minutes to make a single carrying strap. If one device provides fabric covers and the other carrying straps, on average, for every fabric straps made, two carrying straps are built. This would slow down the assembly of canisters. With a slower rate over which the assembly cartridges offer productivity, this means that the overall productivity of the sewing device is reduced. An increase in the manufacture of fabric straps will require additional devices hence dividing the work among machines. This decision requires that available facility space should get considered (Jones, and Robinson, 2012). With a change of layout, Donna can add a sewing machine. Amending the design over which more devices can be added, the number of sewing machines would need to be increased respectively. The new engine matches the rate of production of fabric covers with that of carrying structures ensuring faster assembly, unlike the existing one. Further, there is a possibility to multitask the company's operations when using the new machine since it can produce more and in a diverse manner. I would recommend to Donna to change the layout of the companys facility. Change in design will increase space availability to accommodate all the operations. Once reorganised, Donna can add one more machine to the sewing area. Adding more than one machine will not only congest the space but will also be a wasted investment. More devices will end up underutilised. Further, Donna should avoid outsourcing of sewing operations for this leads to reduction and avoidance of incurring unnecessary expenditures. In conclusion, service management is necessary for an organisation to ensure operating costs get minimised. Cost minimization gets achieved by reducing or eliminating unnecessary cost. In M porting company, outsourcing of sewing operations increases its operational costs and deciding to carry out the whole manufacturing process reduces this costs. Increasing the number of machines by one also ensures efficiency. The management of M Porting Company needs to keep pace with the current demands, and this may be achievable by providing a responsive tune to the market demand, this is feasible by minimising costs as much as possible and optimising the opportunities for profitability. References Mayson, S., French, D., Ryan, C. (2007). Mayson, French and Ryan on company law. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Bharadwaj, N. (2010). BPEL PM and OSB operational management with Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control. Birmingham, U.K.: Packt Pub. Murray, B. (2009). Power markets economies: Structure, costs, operation. Chichester, West Sussex, and the United Kingdom: Wiley. Jones, P. Robinson, P. (2012). Operations management. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Effects of Sarbanes †Oxley Act Essay Sample free essay sample

With the passage of Sarbanes – Oxley Act in 2002. corporations including foreign corporations and the external hearers have largely been affected and burdened with freshly found duties under the act. Companies are now responsible for a figure of coverage and enfranchisement duties ; whereas hearers have to presume extra duties of rating of internal control systems among others duties and organize an sentiment maintaining their independency intact. In this write up it has been tried to convey forth the existent effects of Sarbanes- Oxley act on these largely affected parties. viz. companies. external hearers and foreign corporations. ‘The Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002 ( S-OX ) . passed in reaction to extremely publicised corporate dirts. requires high degrees of answerability from companies and their senior executives to verify the policies. procedure and processs behind each company’s fiscal studies. and every concern operations’ ( Craiq Rhinehart )1 Sarbanes Oxley Act is attracted to all companies. whether little or big if they Further there are certain specific commissariats that are applicable merely to listed companies. We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of Sarbanes – Oxley Act Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The major issues that are controlled under the act and impact the companies straight are discussed and detailed as under: â€Å"The SEC regulations require that a company files a study yearly on its internal control systems and such study contains the undermentioned component: Chief executive officer and CFO have to take a batch of duty into the working of the company. They must province that non merely they read the fiscal statements but besides reviewed the statements that are non misdirecting. The basic aim of SOX is to heighten investors’ assurance with peculiar mention to fiscal statements presented by the corporations. In order to inculcate such assurance. a organic structure called ‘Public Companies Accounting Oversight Board’ ( PCAOB ) has been established under the act. to supervise the fiscal statement audit of publically traded companies. The thought is to set up high auditing criterions in the state. The major stairss and ordinances under SOX through PCAOB in this respect are described and discussed as under: Bookkeeping. designing and execution of fiscal information systems. assessment or rating services. internal auditing. actuarial maps. investing adviser or securities firm maps. legal or expert services non related to audits. and any other services barred by the board. In fact external hearers are already non allowed by the professional organic structures from executing such services for the audit clients ; and such insistent directives of the board is an attempt to set rigorous control over the activities of external hearers. The thought is to do hearers independent in fact and in visual aspect. Sarbanes Oxley has put the efficiency and effectivity of scrutinizing tools to a existent trial. The full auditing procedure of judging the effectiveness internal control requires a complete inspection and repair in order to organize a true and just sentiment on the issues raised under Sox. Donald K. MacConnell Jr. and Georgey Y. Banks4in their article ‘The Sarbanes- Oxley will alter the audit process’ province that â€Å"internal control enfranchisement commissariats impose important duties both on direction and hearers. The former will hold to take ownership of the procedure of placing. documenting and measuring important controls. every bit good as finding which locations or concern units to measure. For hearers. supplying an sentiment on the effectivity of an entity’s internal controls is a important battle. † Further the article suggests that â€Å"In making the scrutiny the hearer must be after the battle to For foreign companies listed in the US the original day of the month of registering the conformity of July 15Thursday2005 was extended to July 15Thursday2006 chiefly because conformities for Sarbanes Oxley required sweeping prefabrication of the systems in and out of US. This was non merely clip devouring but a kind of waking up call for those foreign companies that are non used to such rigorous conformities. Conformity a dearly-won matter For foreign companies conformity with the commissariats of Sarbanes Oxley Act is a dearly-won matter. â€Å"Financial ; direction consultancy Parson Consulting estimates that following with Sarbanes Oxley would be the 70 British headquartered concerns included in their study a sum of $ 860 million. Another study of corporate board members conducted by executive- hunt house Korn/ Ferry International estimates that following would be the US companies surveyed an norm of $ 5. 1 million. † ( Beth Carney )3Seriously following with Sarbanes Oxley is a dearly-won personal businesss for foreign companies. Exodus of Foreign companies The immediate reaction of Sarbanes Oxley conformities on foreign companies is that those companies do non mean stay listed in Unites States. There is a kind of hegira of foreign companies. For a long clip foreign companies would come to the United States for the prestigiousness of being listed and of being able to claim that they had been able to run into the highest revelation criterion in the universe. But now conformities like Sarbanes Oxley have put interruptions to such listings as those companies do non mean to expose their inabilities to run into the dearly-won conformities and face the danger of acquiring delisted. Conflict with other countries’ regulations and ordinances Chief executive officers are required to vouch. to an extent. for the truth of fiscal statements. Foreign companies find no such usage in their states. Companies in other states put an statement that as US Torahs have lost religion in accounting profession. they are go throughing the vaulting horse to CEOs to reconfirm the truth of fiscal statements. This is truly unacceptable to them as it is non necessary that all CEOs are accountancy experts themselves. This is simply a shifting of duties. What will go on if US Torahs start fring religion in CEOs after some mishappening like Enron. Foreign companies find sox commissariats logically unfit to maintain on operating in US. Problems with fundamental law of audit commission There is no representations of employees in the audit commissions. and formation of audit commission wholly barren employees of company. Fiscal statements are the consequences of executings of management’s directives to employees. who really perform to accomplish the consequences. Surprisingly such an of import group does non happen a topographic point in audit commission. Foreign companies feel that such an act is non democratic and their dorsum place components decline to be portion such undemocratic formation of audit commissions. Mentions 1Craiq Rhinehart. E-mail Management and Sarbanes Oxley Compliance. Sarbanes- Oxley Compliance Journal. June 8. 2006. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. sox. com/feature/article. cfm? articleID=913 2Michael Ramos. Section 404 conformity in the Annual Report. Journal of Accountancy online. October 2004. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. aicpa. org/pubs/jofa/oct2004/ramos. htm 3Beth Carney. Foreign Outfits rue Sarbanes- Oxley. Business Week. December 2004. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. businessweek. com/bwdaily/dnflash/dec2004/nf20041215_9306_db016. htm 4Donald K. MacConnell r. and Georgey Y. Banks. How Sarbanes- Oxley will alter the audit procedure. Journal of Accountancy online. September 2003. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. aicpa. org/pubs/jofa/sep2003/mcconn. htm