Personal Statement Save The Planet Essay - 1044 Words

When I was seven years old I got my first animal. A beautiful tiger kitten that I named Kaylee. Kaylee was perfect in every way, and I loved her to bits. Looking back on this memory, I can see that this is the moment my love for animals sprouted, making me a new person. Today I look around, and still marvel in the beauty of all creatures. Creatures that are fluffy, scaly, feathery and everything else! My obsession for pets drove my parents crazy. I have owned a large assortment of animals such as dogs, cats, reptiles, birds, and even a fox. My passion grew larger, and larger. This passion for animals is the reason why the beautiful planet earth, and the preservation of its beauty, has become my career goal. The planet means a lot to me, and now I have a chance to be a part of the change that saves it from global warming. Since my goal is to help save the planet, I am specifically interested in a career that focuses on research. Being that I plan to do research in the future, that mea ns I will most likely have to write up a findings report. This type of career will most likely involve me researching ways to reduce pollution, and other factors that relate to global warming. Because global warming is such a big issue, I should have plenty of research to do on it, whether that be finding more causes of it, or solving already known causes. My report could be on an incredible amount of issues, such as how electric vehicles reduce greenhouse gases. My report could be even moreShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Speech Outline1028 Words   |  5 PagesGIVE UP SMOKING PROPOSITION: Give up smoking and you will save yourself and the others around you and live in a healthy environment. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES/PURPOSES: I want to persuade my audience on how harmful smoking does to the body and giving up the habit is the right way to do because it will literally save their lives and the people around them and the environment as well. SPEECH PLAN ATTENTION STEP: Opening statement: Smoking†¦ What’s in it for you? We all know for a fact that smokingRead MoreShould We Increase Agricultural Yield Without?1362 Words   |  6 Pagesof people and help to improve the planet. World hunger is a problem with no definitive solution and population growth has forced billions of people into extreme poverty and hunger. A myriad of ideas have been suggested to help poverty stricken countries secure methods to increase food production. 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Cogitation and life for humanity tend to relate hand in hand, and the importance of awareness is survival. To continue living is to survive and to accumulate more experiences. Life is all about existing, and this process is supported by the importance of awareness. In this sense all humans are connected by the need to survive. This statement is true for our ecosystem as well. Our planet is alive, and has displayed warning signs of decay.Read MoreComparison Of Interstellar, By Christopher Nolan, And Station Eleven By Emily Mandel1560 Words   |  7 Pagesand Kirsten are the puzzle pieces that connect their stories together. For example, Murph cracks the code of the theory of gravity with the help of her â€Å"ghost,† her father within the third dimension, providing her the missing infor mation that saves their planet from extinction. All that time, Murph tediously trying to figure out what her ghost was trying to communicate, Murph finally makes the realization that â€Å"he came back! It was him! All this time... I... I didn t know it was him. On the otherRead MoreMaintaining A Balance Between Work And Life895 Words   |  4 Pagesrequires a determined mindset to perform activities that will benefit a person’s career success, self-care, and personal relationships. This statement is truer for professional employees and workers. Nowadays, the task of balancing between office and home means something must be given up. In most cases, the sacrifice is the employee’s time to take care of himself, take care of his personal fitness. Science has proven that working out and adopting a healthy diet will not only reduce stress, but theyRead MoreThe Success Of The Geico Advertisement Campaign983 Words   |  4 Pageshis cell phone rings. When he picks up, his mother is on the other side of the line complaining about his father refusing to hire pest control to get rid of the squirrels, as it is personal this time. The commercial then goes on to say, if you are a mom you call at the worst time, it is what you do. If you want to save 15 percent on car insurance you switch to Geico. It s what you do (Mother Knows Best, 2015). This paper will discuss the success of the Geico advertisement. Success of Campaign Read MoreClimate Change is a Natural Phenomenon1556 Words   |  7 Pagesdoom for our planet. At the forefront of this effort, Al Gore has been one of the largest activists for supporting the claims of the demise of the earth’s climate. As author of the best-selling book, An inconvenient truth and 2007 Nobel Prize winner, shifted the world’s attention to climatism. The ideology of climatism has been directed towards the belief that only the earth’s climate will be damaged but not the planet with the blame placed on greenhouse gas emissions. In a statement to the SenateRead MorePros And Cons1042 Words   |  5 Pagesrace for energy that we call industrialization. â€Å"The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) warns that, given the current trends, energy-related emissions will increase by seventy percent by 2050† (Rogers). At this rate our planet is doomed to become a wasteland. Investigations have shown that inconceivable cata strophic changes will take place if the global temperature continues to rise. The polar ice caps are already melting, which can lead to rising sea levels. In additionRead MoreReducing You Personal Usage1510 Words   |  7 PagesReducing your Personal Energy Use Reducing your Personal Energy Use Ever since the human settlements and their population place pressure on the environment through the increasing demand for water, energy and land, and also through the production of wastes that includes greenhouse gas emission. These impacts can also be regard as direct, through the use of water, energy, and land, or indirect, through the production and distribution of goods and services that household consumes. There is evidence

Wan (Lily) Fu . April 22, 2017 . Psychology 220 . Judge

Wan (Lily) Fu April 22, 2017 Psychology 220 Judge on the Genders My very traditional parents developed a very gender-biased way of thinking as they were growing up, so they incorporated those ideas while raising my brother and I. They believed only certain genders should be doing certain things. Because of their views, my brother was treated differently than I was. My brother was always pushed to be the man of the house and to be served, while I was put to work and studying. By the time I was in second grade, I was doing household chores, translating for my parents, and doing homework from both chinese school and american school as for my brother, he was able to hang with girls and play sports. My parents never allowed me to complain†¦show more content†¦Just like men, they could be flexible with their muscles just like male gymnast. There are no significant gender differences that were found in the strengths to muscle cross-sectional area also known as CSA ratio on knee extension or elbow flexion (Miller et al). That allows women to build body mass and muscles just as men and there are no difference in flexibility so men are able to compete just like women for example like the olympics. There are a lot of sports now that women and men are able to play like football, soccer, softball, swim, and etc. However, competitions are split male and male and female versus female. This is made to make sure the woman that aren’t as athletic are in harm but on occasions some schools and activities they are allowed to play against each other for fun and training. A recent study that had a coach from Germany and Canada train both genders and see their cohesion- performance similarities. The analysis revealed that both male and female have the same strive, stamina and performance (Eys et al). Female and males have the sam e goals and performance, one of their similarities are genitals. Most people distinguish Penis is male and vagina is female. However, this dichotomy isn’t quite correct because the genitals emerge from the same mass of embryonic tissue. During the first weeks of development the tissue is develop identically and when the tissues are developed the fetus either has XX or XY chromosomes and that is when the

Original Writing The Assassination Free Essays

The Assassin lay in wait. She knew what she had to do, where to be, where to hide and at what time. She also knew who the victim was. We will write a custom essay sample on Original Writing: The Assassination or any similar topic only for you Order Now Now, all she needed to do was wait. She had perched herself in the neighbouring chimney. Her research had been done. The owners of the house were away on holiday. The house was hers. While she waited, the smell in the chimney was pungent. God what had they burnt in here? She could literally taste what had been burning. Pleasant thoughts were trying to take over the smell of the chimney. It was starting to work until her concentration was broken by the sound of a car pulling into a driveway. The target was sighted. No, wait. It was the victim’s son. He didn’t matter; as long as he kept out of the way he would not fall to the same fate as his father. She thought about how much was staked on her to leave no recognition, to the police, that there had ever been anyone there. She never did of course; she was a professional. Her finger found the trigger of the rifle and gripped tightly. The question was asked to herself as to why she was so worried as to killing her target. She had done it many a time and was the government’s first choice to do this assassination. A few cars passed on the dark, lonely road leading up to the driveway that was gloomy in the night sky. She sighed heavily, her sigh passed down the chimney and through the rest of the house. The silent wait continued†¦ The silence of the night was deafening. The force of the rain was extremely light but the Assassin was soaked right through to the bone. Somewhere in the distance a dog barked. Washington D. C’s weather was so lousy this time of year. The darkness was descending slowly, the house, from where the assassin was perched, was dark, lonely and frightening. Lightening flashed above the house. In the lightening, the assassin looked like a zombie. The wind became stronger as the night dragged slowly on. The lights that ran parallel with the street were all burning brightly except for one. The only one that wasn’t working was the seventh one along. It was the one right outside the house. The rain had ceased now. The tarmac glistened after the rain had stopped. The line of shrubbery reminded the killer of a war movie she had seen recently. ‘The Front Line’. That was the name of the film. Some teenagers passed by the house. They looked a bit drunk. The wind carried the dead leaves along the ground and through the air. The Assassin heard a noise approaching to her left†¦ She stubbed out her cigarette as the silver Mercedes(tm) turned off the road onto the muddy, rutted path leading to the house. The Assassin noted that the car had defective windscreen wipers; there were mud streaks on the side and a damaged bumper. As the car came to a stop outside the house, Her victim checked his watch; it was time for his favourite Radio Programme. So he sat inside of his car, turned on the radio and listened to it in comfort. The Assassin cursed herself. Why wasn’t he getting out of the car? She heard the music go on, so she lifted her rifle and looked through the scope. He was sitting with a bottle of Baileys, listening to the Radio. She waited a bit longer. Eventually, he got out. John, now drunk, looked at his badge on his suit. It said ‘John Kerry’. Even though it was not raining, John stupidly put up his umbrella†¦ The assassin grinned to herself. She was finally going to get her kill. John was staggering left and right, which meant her shot, would have to be even more accurate. But, luckily for her, he was about the length of 3 Double Decker buses away from the front door. She lifted the rifle’s scope to the man. She took aim, the trigger contracted into the gun. As if by pure luck, the man tripped and fell right at the last second, causing the bullet to narrowly miss its destination. She couldn’t believe it. Anger swelled up inside her. She punched the gun so hard that it went unnoticed that the silencer fell off to the ground below. Reloading her gun was quite hard while she was shaking. The sight was lifted again and the shot was fired. This time it hit him right in the heart. He went flying into a nearby wall. The force of the blow scattered all of his personal belongings out of his suit. The deed had been done. She wiped the sweat from her brow as she was clearing up. But as she was cleaning up her thoughts went back to the shot. Could the shot have been heard? The floor of the chimney was searched but she couldn’t find the silencer. Then her worst fears came true. Lights in the nearby house shot on. Then her thoughts were broken by the sound of a low groan coming from the driveway from across the way. John was crawling towards his mobile phone. Her items were dropped to the bottom of the chimney. She thrust her body off the roof, causing her to roll across the ground. A dagger was pulled from her belt and was driven towards her victim. Her foot connected with the bottom of his jaw and the mobile phone; causing only the mobile to scatter. He was grabbed by the neck of his suit by the Assassin and his throat slit. He died instantly. The Assassin stood up and walked towards the end of the driveway until she was stopped in her tracks by a mysterious figure at the doorway to Kerry’s house†¦ It was John’s son, William. He was wielding a machete. William was quick but not as quick as the assassin. The second he raised the blade to charge, the murderer turned and threw the dagger, with perfect accuracy and precision, straight into the thigh of the victim’s son. His eyes opened wide but, as she intended, he was stopped in his tracks. He tried his hardest to concentrate on the assassin. The pain was excruciating. He staggered forward, unaware that the assassin was starting to make a run for it and the neighbours watching. They stared in disbelief as he pulled the dagger out of his thigh and attempted to give chase but was no match for her speed. He thought she had gotten away until one of the neighbours, named Terry, offered him a lift in his car. Terry and William drove quietly along the dark road following the assassin. The assassin thought she had lost him but then she seen two bright lights coming towards her. Using her swiftness, she ran and blended in with the bushes leading to the park. The car pulled onto the kerb and the doors slowly opened. She put her hand on her handgun. Just in case. They got out of the car slowly and carefully proceeded through the park. Suddenly Terry disappeared into the bushes causing William to jump. He investigated the bush to find Terry. He found Terry with a sleeper dart hanging from his neck. William left him. He went into the shrubs at the side. He had a hunch. She looked back out of the shrubs only to find that he had disappeared. Her hand loosened slightly on the handgun. She felt a crack in the back of her head as she went flying forward into the clearing. As she got up William was upon her like a shot. As she fought wildly to get him off her hand found something to be hard and sharp. Unfortunately for her William found the same item and they held the item between them each trying to stab each other. She identified the item as her dagger. But her taking her eyes away from the struggle gave William the chance he needed to rip the dagger free from her grasp. As he brought the knife down into her chest as she found her gun, put to the back of his throat and pulled the trigger. William lay motionless. She felt a sharp pain in her chest – what could it be? She wondered, gasping or breathe. Slowly opening her jacket, the assassin felt shocked when she realised that the blood was hers. She was feeling light headed now and cold. Maybe she needed a sit down to rest her eyes. Yes, that is what she decided to do. It was mid afternoon the following day when the police found them – William still lay motionless and pale. The assassin looked peaceful – as if she were asleep. Why was it that she killed John Kerry? I guess we might never find out†¦ How to cite Original Writing: The Assassination, Papers

Brave New World free essay sample

The mindset the government had was they were constantly making newer and better technology to create â€Å"perfect† individuals without error. The mockery made him feel an outsider; and feeling an outsider he behaved like one, which increased the prejudice against him and intensified the contempt and hostility aroused by his physical defects. Which in turn increased his sense of being alien and alone. A chronic fear of being slighted made him avoid his equals, made him stand, where his inferiors were concerned, self-consciously on his dignity. this direct quote is an exact example of the society we live in today. Mainly women, with some men think they are ugly. It seems as if many Americans believe that plastic surgery is the answer to becoming beautiful. Our culture is not accepting to the fact that most people living in this world are happy with the way their body and looks are. Self consciousness is the main reason for a person in this day and age to change the way they loo k by injecting harmful chemicals into their bodies. This is a perfect illustration of how the break of the natural choice procedure can do helter-skelter harm to a societyInstead of giving out drugs to assist maintain alive people ( people who might hold been dead without them ) , eugenics can be used to reassure that there are no bad defects in person whence they are born. Think of all the disabled people that are born ( Armless, legless, blind, deaf, retarded, etc? ) . Alternatively of prolonging these people after birth, there should hold been a manner to forestall all of these defects from happening in general. If we were to use some kind of scientific discipline to keep a healthy babe at birth, we might non be earnestly interrupting the natural choice process.When most people think of eugenics, the first thing that comes to mind would hold to be Hitler. What we must retrieve is that Hitler # 8217 ; s signifier of eugenics is non what I am deducing here. Eugenicss consumed the German medical, biological and societal scientific c ommunities in the decennary before World War II. Many doctors and scientists were frenetic about menaces they saw to the familial wellness of the state posed by the presence of inferior populations such as Hebrews, Gypsies, Slavs and, and African people. The stairss they took to protect against the public wellness catastrophe of a contaminated race were so atrocious, and so immoral that they have changed all undermentioned treatment of the moralss of both human genetic sciences and eugenics. The things to retrieve when utilizing a technique such as eugenics, is that there is no grounds to back up the biological theory of the unconditioned lower status of races or the biological high quality of specific cultural groups. Th is was the chief apprehension of Hitler which led to the Holocaust. In using eugenics, one must maintain in head that they can non coerce sterilisation of person, commit infanticide or race murder, and most surely can non coerce person to partake upon utilizing eugenics to organize a kid that is to their liking.The effects of such a system of birth on our society is one that may come extremely pleasant if the right safeguards are taken. As seen in the film Gattaca, one must non organize a prejudiced position towards those who have non been conceived through the usage of eugenics. That is why medical history of those who were born through eugenics should non be revealed to anyone, and there should be no manner for one to happen out if they have been or have non. Parents should non handle their childs otherwise based on the thought upon them received through the usage or absence of eugenics. This is comparable to Frankenstein in a manner. Though Frankenstein created the monster, he sho uld hold treated it with the regard that it deserves since it was now a life as any other. With the deficiency of this intervention the monster is enraged and hence wreaks mayhem. If we don’t handle the people the same either with eugenics or without eugenics, there will merely be a batch of civil agitation boulder clay a accelerator comes along to organize a civil war between eugenic people and non-eugenic people. This is in kernel the same theory behind the NATO bombings.Eugenics is non a bad thing when it comes to presenting it to an unformed egg. Without it, the universe as we know it will be faced with overpopulation which will take to many other things. To house the overpopulated people of the universe, new edifices will hold to be built, which in bend will take to the devastation of more wood and farm country. To feed the people, we must utilize up more of our country’s agriculture resources. To suit the people, we deplete our already decreasing fossil resources even more. Eugenics helps this cause in a sense, that the government/people no longer hold to back up those born with a batch of familial defects. Alternatively of person with no custodies lasting through the aid of the authorities, the authorities could hold put that money back into the economic system and that individual could hold been making farming or something worthwhile if they had been exposed through a procedure of eugenics.In decision, the usage of eugenics to assist decide our natural choice jobs would be rather executable in our society. It can be seen as a safe manner to keep a steady population of healthy, hardworking people without the drawbacks of familial drosss. 338

Coats NA, Agile or Lean

Introduction Background to the study Coat NA is a subsidiary of a multinational company based in the United Kingdom. The firm operates in the United States and primarily deals with thread. Currently, the firm is ranked as the largest manufacturer and supplier of sewing thread (Advemag Incorporation, 2010, para. 1). Its current net wroth is estimated to be US $1.6 billion of the total Coats Public Limited Company net worth.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Coats NA, Agile or Lean specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most of the firm’s operations are business to business in nature. During the late 1990’s, the firm had a superior performance in its domestic market. This resulted from the fact that there was a significant manufacturing base in the United States. During its 1990s, the firm relied on a traditional supply chain. However, a significant change occurred in the United States leading into a transfo rmation of the business environment. Most of its customers were shifting their operational base to other countries especially those located in Asia. This posed a threat to the firm’s operation considering the fact that 70% of its assets were in the United States. After the shift, only 20% of the firm’s customers would remain in US. There was also a reduction in turnover in the American and European markets during the period ranging fro 2000 to 2008. It was only in Asia where turnover was on an upward trend. In its US market, Coats NA was faced with a challenge due to misalignment of its asset base and customer base. This means that the firm was faced with a dire need of making a change to both its supply chain network and supply chain process. Mason-Jones, Naylor and Towill (2000, p.4061) are of the opinion that consumers are a key determinant in the performance of a firm’s supply chain. Considering the nature of the challenge that the firm is faced with regard to supply chain, the firms management team has to make a decision on the most appropriate initiative to improve its supply chain. Some of the choices available to the firm entail whether to incorporate the concept of leanness or agility in its supply chain management. According to Sabri and Shaikh (2000, p.6), these two supply chain management strategies can lead to an improvement in the firm’s operation.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Aim The aim of the report is to evaluate the most appropriate strategy with regard to lean and agile supply chain management strategies which Coat NA should adopt in an effort to improve its market performance. Scope The report is organized into a number of sections. The first section entails background information of Coat NA. In this section, the challenges facing the firm’s supply chain are identified. The concept of lean and agility are discussed in the literature review section. The analysis section establishes the link between agility and lean management in Coat NA. In addition, the section also illustrates the strategies being adopted by the firm in an effort to resolve the issues faced by the firm and eliminate the tension between agile and lean. Finally, the effect of the changes to the firm and the concluding remarks are given. Literature review Key aspects of lean and agile in the supply chain According to Thomas, Stanley and Anthony (2006, p.1), agility and lean management concepts have been increasingly adopted by firms management teams in an effort to manage their supply chain. Some of the main factors leading to their increased adoption are their effectiveness in reducing cost, developing a firm’s competitive advantage and improving customer service. The concept of lean mainly entails elimination of various forms of wastes which might result into the firm incurring loss. Lean thinking emphasizes that all activities which utilize a firm’s resource and does not create any value for the customer should be eliminated. Supply Chain Digest (2010, para. 5) asserts that lean as an approach to supply chain management enables a firm’s management team to determine the intrinsic value in a particular product. In order to attain this, the concept of value stream is integrated which enables the firm’s management team to analyze the necessary flow of information and material in the production process (Tapping, Luyster, Shuker, 2002, p.54). The resultant effect is that a firm is able to produce goods based on market demand. According to Supply Chain Digest (2010, para/ 4), a firm’s management team is able to forecast demand for the goods based on the market feedback received from next tier distributors.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Coats NA, Agile or Lean specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This means that actual orders are not used in forecasting demand. As a supply chain management concept, lean management also enables a firm to eliminate waste in relation to time (Mason-Jones, Naylor Towill, 2000, p.4061). In lean systems, the demand horizons are usually shorter. In addition, the entire supply chain is dependent on finished inventory (Basu Wright 2007, p.65). With regard to agile systems, the core focus entails responding to customer demand more efficiently. In their consumption process, the core objective of consumers is to maximize their utility. Consumers have got diverse product and services requirement. In supply chain management, agility enables a firm to address unique customers’ demand. In order to achieve this, make-to-order (MTO) concept is utilized in the manufacturing process in an effort to fulfill the order. This means that a firm which has incorporated the concept of agility depends on well known demand rather than speculative no tions. Therefore, the firm does not commit its resources unless it is aware of the market demand. Analysis Carrying inventory whose worth is 70 days underscores the fact that Coat NA had adopted a lean system in its operation. The core objective of this inventory was to enable the firm meet the market demand within a short period. However, there are costs associated with holding inventory for a long duration. According to Callioni, De-Montgros, Slagmulder, Van-Wassenhove and Wright (2005, p.135), holding a product for a long period results into reduction in its value. In extreme situations, the product may become obsolete. Holding inventory for a considerable long duration is a disadvantage to the firm’s operation. This arises from the fact that there is a high probability of mismatches occurring between demand and supply. This may lead into the firm holding excess inventory and hence the cost involved. Considering the fact that the firm’s operations are mostly B2B in nature, the firm may experience loss due to price protection costs. Callioni, De-Montgros, Slagmulder, Van-Wassenhove and Wright (2005, p.135) define price protection cost as the cost incurred by distributors as a result of a decline in the price of goods they are holding in their shelves.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Other costs which the firm may incur include obsolescence cost which represents loss incurred on unsold products due to introduction of new models. Despite the Coat NA’s capacity to reduce demand horizon via holding inventory, the decision is not appropriate considering the high inventory carrying cost involved. In its operation, Coats NA is faced with a challenge due to change in customer base. This limits the firm’s profitability potential within its American market. According to Bruce, Daly and Towers (2004, p.151-170), the textile industry is very dynamic. In addition, the industry is also very volatile and has a short product lifecycle. In order to succeed, it is vital for firms in the industry to have a quick response. Lack of agility is one factor which has contributed into the recent poor performance of Coat NA. In an effort to improve its performance via reduction of the amount of inventory held, the firm’s management team adopted the i2’s invent ory optimization. Incorporation of such a model would play a significant role in reducing inventory carrying cost. This arises from the fact that the core objective of this model is to ensure that a firm only holds the appropriate level of inventory. This enables a firm to minimize the holding cost via elimination of excess inventory. Despite the firm conducting a series of improvement in its supply chain, the firm retained the Make-To-Stock strategy. This limits the firm’s operation efficiency via an increment in the cost of operation. Lack of agility in its supply chain management also means that the firm’s capacity to satisfy customer requirements via provision of products which are in line with the market demand is limited. This is one of the reasons explaining the shift in customer base. Adoption of decision support systems In order to resolve the conflict between lean and agile, the firm’s management team has adopted new technology in its supply chain mana gement. One of the most notable changes is implementation of Advanced Planning and Scheduling/Optimization (APS) which is a component of Decision Support System (DSS). Through this system, the firm has been able to forecast market demand effectively. The resultant effect is that Coat NA manufacturing processes have become aligned with the market demand. This has played a significant role in the firm’s effort to reduce the amount of inventory. For example, due to effective forecasting of demand, the firm’s management team has been able to cut down finished goods inventories with a margin of 48%. In addition obsolete inventories have been reduced by 63%. Adaption of the APO software has also enabled the firm to attain agility in its operation. This is evident in that the firm has adopted make-to-order strategy in its manufacturing process which has been necessitated by its ability to forecast demand (Gregory, 1998, p.6). As a result of increased efficiency in its optimiz ation process, the firm has been able to reduce its average lead-time from 20 to 7 days. Lean production Misalignment of the firm’s asset and customer base is one of the challenges that the firm is facing. This explains the significant reduction in the firm’s turnover in its American market. Through introduction of the APO software, the firm has been able to solve this problem to a given level. The firm’s management team has been able to align its assets with the existing customer base. By attaining effectiveness in forecasting, the firm assigns production depending on the manufacturing site. In an effort to improve its supply chain strategy, the firm’s management team has retained its lean management strategy. This is evident in the fact that the firm manufactures its products from a single point depending on the market forecast and distributes them to other markets. Most of the predictable product lines are produced in Romania while those which are not are locally manufactured. As a result, the firm has been able to attain low cost in its manufacturing process. Integration of agile supply chain management strategy In order to determine the quantity of product to produce, Coat NA uses sales information generated by the APO software. The information adopted is usually real time in nature which has made the firm to attain flexibility. Real time information has also enabled the firm to be able to manufacture specific customer orders. Consequence of the changes Incorporation of the above strategies will result into an improvement in the firm’s competitive advantage in a number of ways. For example, ability to forecast demand via optimization will enable the firm to attain cost minimization objective via a number of ways such as reduction in the quantity of finished goods inventories held and elimination of obsolescence cost. Through attainment of agility, the firm will be able to improve its profitability potential via deliverin g products which are in line with market demand. This means that the firm will be able to minimize uncertainty with a certain degree. According to Mason-Jones, Naylor and Towill (2000, p.4063), the fashion and textile products are characterized by a high degree of demand uncertainty. This will culminate into minimization of obsolescence and stock-out risk. Forecasting using the APO software will ensure that the firm’s management team emphasizes on the concept of value stream. This will result into alignment of supply and demand thus increasing the firm’s capacity to respond to market changes. Conclusion From the case, it is evident that the Coat NA is faced with numerous challenges with regard to its asset and customer base. This threats the firm’s survival as a going concern entity. In order to deal with this situation, the firm’s management team is charged with a responsibility of making changes to its supply chain management. One of the main challenges relates to the decision on the supply chain management strategy to adopt. Over the years, the firm has been operating on a traditional supply chain. However, changes in the market have stimulated the need for change in its operation. To deal with the two challenges, the firm’s management team should conduct an improvement in its supply chain management. The improvement should be conducted in such a way that the concepts of agile and leanness are put into consideration. In order to improve its supply chain management, the firm incorporated decision support systems. Integration of Information Technology (IT) in the firm’s operation will improve the firm’s capacity to deal with market changes considering the dynamic nature of the industry. In addition, lean and agility in its production process will enable the firm the firm to deliver value to its customers. In its implementation process, the firm’s management team should consider the nature of demand for t he product. Lean strategy should be applied to products with relatively stable demand while agile strategy should be applied to those with unstable demand. Reference List Advameg Incorporation. 2010. Company profile: information, business description,  history, background information on Coast plc. (online). Basu, R. Wright, J. 2007. Total supply chain management. [E-book]. New Jersey: Butter worth Heinnemann. Callioni, G., De-Montgros, X., Slagmulder, R., Wassenhove, L. Wright, L. 2005. Inventory driven cost. Harvard Business Review. Vol. 83, no. 3, pp. 135-141. Gregory, D. 1998. Make-to-order versus make-to-stock in a production inventory system  with general production times. (online). New York: IIE Transactions. Mason-Jones, R., Naylor, B. Towilli, D. 2000. Lean, agile or leagile? Matching your supply chain to the market place. International journal of production. Vol. 38, issue 17, pp. 4061- 4070. Sabri, E. Shaikh. 2010. Lean and agile value chain management: a guide to the next  level of improvement. New Jersey: J. Ross Publishing. Supply Chain Digest. 2010. How do lean, agile and â€Å"leagile† supply chain strategies. Web. Tapping, D., Luyster, T. Shuker, T. 2002. Value stream management: eight steps to  planning, mapping and sustaining lean improvements.[ebook] New York: Productivity Press. Thomas, G. Stanley, G. Anthony, R. 2006. Modeling lean, agile and leagile supply chain strategies. Journal of business logistics. Vol. 3, issue 5, pp. 1-12. New York: BnET Business Owners. This report on Coats NA, Agile or Lean was written and submitted by user Lilly Cunningham to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Everything You Need to Know About Adobe

Everything You Need to Know About Adobe Adobe is essentially a dried mud brick, combining the natural elements of earth, water, and sun. It is an ancient building material usually made with tightly compacted sand, clay, and straw or grass mixed with moisture, formed into bricks, and naturally dried or baked in the sun without an oven or kiln. In the United States adobe is most prevalent in the hot, arid Southwest. Although the word is often used to describe an architectural style- adobe architecture- adobe is actually a building material.  Adobe bricks have been used around the world, including near the muddy river areas of ancient Egypt and the ancient architecture of the Middle East. It is used today but also found in primitive architecture: mud bricks were used even before the grand ancient stone temples of Greece and Rome. Construction methods and the composition of adobe- the recipe- vary according to climate, local customs, and the historical era. Adobes strength and resilience vary with its water content: too much water weakens the brick. Todays adobe is sometimes made with an asphalt emulsion added to help with waterproofing properties. A mixture of Portland cement and lime may also be added. In parts of Latin America, fermented cactus juice is used for waterproofing. Although the material itself is naturally unstable, an adobe wall can be load bearing, self-sustaining, and naturally energy efficient. Adobe walls are often thick, forming a natural insulation from the environmental heat that creates and sustains the material. Todays commercial adobe is sometimes kiln-dried, although purists may call these clay bricks. Traditional adobe bricks need about a month of drying in the sun before they can be used. If the brick is mechanically compressed, the adobe mixture needs less moisture and the bricks can be used almost immediately, although purists may call these compressed earth bricks. About the Word Adobe In the United States, the word adobe is said with the accent on the second syllable and the last letter pronounced, as in ah-DOE-bee. Unlike many architecture words, adobe does not originate in Greece or Italy. It is a Spanish word that does not originate in Spain. Meaning the brick, the phrase at-tuba comes from Arabic and Egyptian languages.  As Muslims migrated across northern Africa and into the Iberian Peninsula, the phrase was transformed into a Spanish word after the eighth century CE. The word entered our English language through the colonization of America by Spain after the 15th century. The word is widely used in the southwestern United States and Spanish speaking countries. Like the building material itself, the word is ancient, going back to the creation of language- derivations of the word have been seen in ancient hieroglyphics. Materials Similar to Adobe Compressed Earth Blocks (CEBs) resemble adobe, except they usually do not contain straw or asphalt, and they generally are more uniform in size and shape. When adobe is NOT formed into bricks, its called puddled adobe, and is used like the mud material in cob houses. The material is mixed and then thrown in lumps to gradually create an earthen wall, where the mixture dries in place. In the Natural Building Blog, Dr. Owen Geiger,  Director of the Geiger Research Institute of Sustainable Building, contends that Native Americans used puddled adobe before the Spanish introduced adobe brick-making methods. Preservation of Adobe Adobe is resilient if well-maintained. One of the oldest known structures in the U.S. is made from adobe bricks, the San Miguel Mission in Santa Fe, New Mexico, built between 1610–1628. Preservationists at the National Park Service of the U.S. Department of the Interior provide guidance on historic preservation, and their Preservation of Historic Adobe Buildings (Preservation Brief 5) published in August 1978 has been the gold standard for keeping this building material maintained. Constant monitoring of deterioration sources, including the breakdown of mechanical systems like leaky plumbing, is the most important part of maintaining an adobe structure. It is the nature of adobe buildings to deteriorate, we are told in Preservation Brief 5, so careful observation of subtle changes and performing maintenance on a regular basis is a policy which cannot be over emphasized. Problems usually have more than one source, but the most common are (1) poor building, design, and engineering techniques; (2) too much rainwater, ground water, or watering of surrounding vegetation; (3) wind erosion from windblown sand; (4) plants taking root or birds and insects living within the adobe walls; and (5) previous repairs with incompatible building materials. Traditional Methods of Construction To maintain historic and traditional adobe, its best to know traditional methods of construction so that repairs can be compatible. For example, true adobe bricks must be assembled with a mud mortar of properties similar to the adobe. You cant use cement mortar because its too hard  - that is, the mortars cannot be stronger than the adobe brick, according to preservationists. Foundations are often constructed of masonry red brick or stone. Adobe walls are load-bearing and thick, sometimes braced with buttresses. Roofs are usually wooden and laid flat, with horizontal rafters covered with other materials. The familiar vigas projecting through the adobe walls are really the timber parts of the roof. Traditionally, the roof was used as additional living space, which is why wooden ladders are often propped up alongside an adobe home. After the railroads enabled the transport of building materials to the American Southwest, other roof types (e.g., hipped roofs) began to appear atop adobe brick buildings. Adobe brick walls, once in place, are usually protected by applying a variety of substances. Before an exterior siding is applied, some contractors may spray on insulation for added thermal protection- a dubious practice in the long term if it allows the bricks to retain moisture. Since adobe is an ancient building method, traditional surface coatings may include substances that seem odd to us today, such as fresh animal blood. More common sidings include: mud plaster, a mixture of elements the same as the adobe brick mixturelime plaster, a mixture containing lime, which is harder than mud, but more prone to crackingwhitewash, a mixture preservationists describe as ground gypsum rock, water, and claystucco, a relatively new form of siding for naturally dried adobe bricks- cement stucco does not stick to traditional adobe bricks, so wire mesh must be used Like all architecture, construction materials and methods of building have a shelf-life. Eventually, adobe bricks, surface coverings, and/or roofing deteriorate and must be repaired. Preservationists recommend following these general rules: Unless youre a professional, dont try to fix it yourself. Patching and repairing adobe bricks, mortar, rotting or insect-ridden wood, roofs, and surfacing agents should be handled by seasoned professionals, who will know to use matching construction materials.Repair any problem sources before beginning anything else.For repairs, use the same materials and building methods that were used to build the original structure. The problems created by introducing dissimilar replacement materials may cause problems far exceeding those which deteriorated the adobe in the first place, preservationists warn. Adobe is a formed-earth material, a little stronger perhaps than the soil itself, but a material whose nature is to deteriorate. The preservation of historic adobe buildings, then, is a broader and more complex problem than most people realize. The propensity of adobe to deteriorate is a natural, ongoing process....Competent preservation and maintenance of historic adobe buildings in the American Southwest must (1) accept the adobe material and its natural deterioration, (2) understand the building as a system, and (3) understand the forces of nature which seek to return the building to its original state. - National Park Service, Preservation Brief 5 Adobe Is Not Software Since the first Earth Day, people from all walks of life have found a calling advocating for natural building methods that will help save the earth. Earth-based products are naturally sustainable- you are building with the materials that surround you- and energy efficient. The folks at Adobe is not Software are just one of many groups in the Southwest devoted to promoting the benefits of adobe construction through training. They offer hands-on workshops on both making adobe and building with adobe. Adobe is more than software even in the high-tech world of southern California. Most of the largest commercial manufacturers of adobe brick are in the American Southwest. Both Arizona Adobe Company and the San Tan AdobeCompany are located in Arizona, a state rich in the raw materials needed to manufacture the building material. New Mexico Earth Adobes has been producing traditionally made bricks since 1972. Shipping costs can be more than product costs, however, which is why architecture made with adobe is mostly found in this region. It takes thousands of adobe bricks to construct a modest-sized home. Although adobe is an ancient method of construction, most building codes tend to focus on post-industrial processes. A traditional building method like building with adobe has become non-traditional in todays world. Some organizations are trying to change that. The Earthbuilders’ Guild, Adobe in Action, and the international conference called Earth USA help keep the mixtures baking in the heat of the sun and not in ovens run by fossil fuels. Adobe in Architecture: Visual Elements Pueblo Style and Pueblo Revival: Adobe construction is most closely associated with what is called Pueblo architecture. A pueblo is in fact a community of people, a Spanish word from the Latin word populus. The Spanish settlers combined their knowledge with the terraced communities occupied by the people already living in the area, the  indigenous people of the Americas. Monterey Style and Monterey Revival: When Monterey, California was an important seaport in the early 1800s, the population centers of the new country called the United States were in the East. When New Englanders like Thomas Oliver Larkin and John Rogers Cooper moved West, they took with them ideas of home and combined them with local customs of adobe construction. Larkins 1835 home in Monterey, which set the standard for the Monterey Colonial Style, exemplifies this fact of architecture, that design is often a mixture of features from different places. Mission and Mission Revival: When the Spanish colonized the Americas, they brought the Roman Catholic religion. The Catholic-built missions became symbols of a new way in a new world. Mission San Xavier Del Bac near Tucson, Arizona was built in the 18th century, when this territory was still part of the Spanish empire. Its original adobe brick has been repaired with low-fired clay brick. Spanish Colonial and Spanish Colonial Revival: Spanish style homes in the New World are not necessarily constructed with adobe. The only true Spanish colonial homes in the United States are the ones that were built during the long Spanish occupation from the 16th to 19th centuries. Homes from the 20th and 21st centuries are said to revive the style of the Spanish homeland. However, the traditional construction of a house in the medieval town of Calataà ±azor, Spain shows how this method of construction moved from Europe to America- the stone foundation, the overhanging roof, the timber beams for support, the adobe bricks, all ultimately hidden by a surface coating that defines the architectural style. Sources Preservation of Historic Adobe Buildings, Preservation Brief 5, National Park Service Publication, August 1978, https://www.nps.gov/tps/how-to-preserve/briefs/5-adobe-buildings.htm and PDF at https://www.nps.gov/tps/how-to-preserve/preservedocs/preservation-briefs/05Preserve-Brief-Adobe.pdfSan Xavier del Bac, National Park Service, https://www.nps.gov/tuma/learn/historyculture/san-xavier-del-bac.htm and https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/american_latino_heritage/San_Xavier_del_Bac_Mission.html [accessed February 8, 2018]A Brief History of Mission San Xavier del Bac, sanxaviermission.org/History.html [accessed February 8, 2018]Photo Credits: Adobe Pueblo in Taos, New Mexico, Rob Atkins/Getty Images; Thomas Oliver Larkin House, Ed Bierman via flickr.com, Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0); Calataà ±azor, Spain house, Cristina Arias/Getty Images (cropped); Mission San Xavier Del Bac,Robert Alexander/Getty Images (cropped)

Classroom effects of a commercially-available video music-and-movement Research Paper

Classroom effects of a commercially-available video music-and-movement program - Research Paper Example Population of study- this study was conducted on fourth grade students’ population. Music has very big influence on students in the society. This affects different classes of being in the society with each of them responding to it in their own ways. Size of study- the study will majorly focus on smaller population of the class. Duration of study- The students will be observed and video taped in 15-minutes for two weeks before I introduce the DVD. I will then use the DVD for 5-minutes before regular lessons daily. DVD This will allow comparative data analysis when the intended gist of this research is concluded. Method of information gathering- there are several methods that can be used in gathering information during research. However, in this case study I will use observation as my primary method of analysis. This will enable me to get first-hand touch of information that will ultimately be useful in drawing the conclusion. Strategy used-.Duration recording will be used as a strategy to calculate the behavior change. This strategy will be used when the change in behavior occurs. I will record the behavior during on and off tasks.

Article Synopsis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Synopsis - Essay Example The study offers the conclusion that Asian businesses cannot be generalized on the basis of cultural factors since many of them cater to mainstream markets. However, the second generation of Asian entrepreneurs faces a different set of challenges when compared to its elders. Having had the benefits of upbringing in the UK, the younger generation of entrepreneurs has a different mindset and opportunity when compared to its elders’ cultural experiences and practices. The success of Asian business community in the UK has turned it into an entrepreneurial role model for other immigrant communities. This is based on the fact that this ethnic group makes a significant contribution to the UK economy, arguably, even more than the mainstream community. The paper attempts to find out if cultural experiences and practices can be used to classify the success of Asian businesses. Previous studies state that it is their cultural background and practices, which give them the edge when it comes to successful businesses. Their competitiveness arises from the fact that they can use family resources in terms of labour and specialist knowledge and use ethnic network effectively for business development. The study attempts to find out if these factors can be used to determine the reason for their successful ventures. The researchers employed a semi structured qualitative approach for data analysis. Data was collected in the form of interviews with ten leading Asian entrepreneurs in the UK. Questions were framed after referring to previous literature and academic advisors. Data was also collected through e-mails and reports for a greater understanding of the subject. Moreover, interviews were recorded and transcribed to facilitate independent interpretation for the two researchers. Secondly, since one researcher represented the Asian community and other, the host community they were able to provide varied cultural perspectives to the data analysis. The researchers concluded that

The marketing strategies of McDonalds and Starbucks andthe comparison Essay

The marketing strategies of McDonalds and Starbucks andthe comparison of their current marketing plans - Essay Example Food industry can be considered as a concurrent or triple point in terms of history, innovative ideas, and taste. This industry is dependent on number of factors like government regulations regarding hygiene standards and suitability, new innovative brands and trends in the market, consumer behavior, and cultural and religious beliefs. Despite of all such factors, the industry is one of the largest industries in the world as it had sale revenue of about $3.2 trillion in 2004. In USA almost 16.5 million people are professionally associated with food industry and Americans spend about $1 trillion annually which is about 10% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). UK fast food is the largest fast food market in Europe which is double and triple in size than Germany and French markets respectively. The food industry (including fast food) had an estimated gross value added of  £73.4 billions in 2007 (http://www.whatmattersweblog.com). It had a contribution of 18.8% of national part-time employ ment and 8.7% of national full time employment. Coffee has established a strong standing in hospitality industry in last 10 years. In many countries espresso, cappuccino, and caffe latte has replaced the brewed filter coffee and therefore set a cafà © style coffee. Because of having a major contribution with respect to both the revenue and volume in market, the carbonated beverages are the mainstay of the industry. Australian citizens prefer milk-based coffee as about 90% of coffee cups sold in 2005 contained milk in it. In recent years, cappuccino has come out as the most favorite brand of coffee for Australian people however, people having strong financial assets particularly young ladies have more inclination towards the caffà ©s lattes.es lattes. Espresso and the flat white are generally more demanded by young males and senior citizens respectively. Another significant trend in coffee industry is the cafe preference of customers with respect to either fair trading or sustainable source. A rising trend has been observed by th e farmers that they intended to approach the fair trading cafes instead of low pricing cafes (Bacon, 2005). McDonalds are the two leading companies in the industry of fast food and soft drinks respectively. McDonalds is the world’s largest fast food providing organization, presently operating at more than 33,000 locations across the world and serving more than 64 million people around 119 countries on daily basis (http://www.mcdonalds.ca/). Although the company has more than half century experience even then it works through dynamic marketing strategies. McDonalds offers innovative ideas in their operations to keep itself at No.1 position in the fast

Acceptance of Violence in TV and Media

Acceptance of Violence in TV and Media The development of technology such as television, internet and radio, has led us to an important understanding of the surroundings in which we live in, surroundings which are mostly represented by the media, to an audience. As members of this media audience we are being constantly flooded with the notion of crime and violence by the use of technology. The notion of news is travelling very fast and it is present in every household with access to technology, and the media prioritise crime and violence as their central theme and broadcast it in order to attract a larger audience (Newburn, 2007). MacDougall (1968:12) states that ‘At any given moment billions of simultaneous events occur throughout the world†¦ All of these occurrences are potentially news. They do not become so until some purveyor of news gives an account of them. The news, in other words, is the account of the event, not something intrinsic in the event itself’ Thinking of the simple fact that when people watch television, there is always a slight chance that the channel they are watching will present a violent act, making people think that the media is a very powerful influence upon crime and violence (Potter, 2003). However, the media producers, in response to the public’s voice, claim that violence on television is just a reflection of the violence that occurs in society. Although it is perceived as being overrated and altering the reality, violence in the media is claimed by the producers as being just a response to the demand of it (Potter, 2003). Taking into consideration the last argument, the question ‘Why do people accept and enjoy watching violence in the media?’ arouses. It can relate to the fact that most media audiences are drawn into violent imagery just because it challenges their imagination, as in the case of video games. On the other hand it may presume just the simple notion of fitting in with the character and experiencing a fantasy of their own (Goldstein, 1998). Furthermore there are three main theories that I will be focusing on in order to reach for an answer to the question ‘Why people enjoy watching violent representations in the media?’, and these theories are based on the psychoanalytical approach, transgression or carnivalesque approach, and the sociological approach. A popular belief is that audiences are drawn into attending movies by their misleading or altered advertising campaigns. Producers often refer to a film as reaching out to their audience by these campaigns, and it stands in the hand of the producers how they represent these campaigns to a specific audience (Turner, 1999). It is also a fact that millions and millions are spent on publicity and advertising for new movies, but it is not always the case that the audience is drawn into them. Getting in touch with the audience is the hardest part for producers and it is only made through careful planning and exposure of the new production in such manner that the audience will react in a positive way (Turner, 1999). Metz (1982) described his experience as a member of the cinema as seeing the audience trying to reach out in the action of the movie, becoming part of it. To have a better understanding of how audiences confront with the thin line between reality and imaginary, we need to have a better focus at the unconscious level and its process of watching a production. By taking a closer look at the psychoanalytical approach, mostly interested in dreams, there is a correlation between film and dreams that offers a new perspective to researchers for the Freudian theories and the way in which the unconscious works (Turner, 1999). Metz (1982) stated that the boundary between reality and imaginary is fading away for the audience, and the gap between these two has been described by Freud as â€Å"the location of desire† and it is covered by media productions (Turner, 1999:131). The psychoanalytical approach emphasizes on the notion of ‘look’ upon the audience, audience which is also referred as ‘the spectator’ (Turner, 1999:131). This notion takes a very much influence within the Freudian and post-Freudian theory as it stands in the individual’s power to self-define him and establish a certain relation with the surroundings. Based on this notion, therefore the audience is not only performing the action of viewing, but they also get caught within the story of the media production and inflict certain values and strengths, which make them accountable for a position of power. This position of power is described by Freudian theory as being one such of a position of a voyeur, which in other terms ‘†makes an object of† those caught unwittingly in the power of his gaze’ (Turner, 1999:131). Graeme Turner (1999) argues that we as human beings we always identify within characters that we see on the screen, such as heroes or heroines, in order to feel self-accomplished. The psychoanalytical approach identifies two main categories of audiences, first category being argued by Metz (1982) as being the simple identification with the notion of cinema, seeking out the mystery revealed by the screen. For the second category, Metz (1982) argues that the cinema stresses out the viewer’s perception with the vision of the camera. Based on these arguments, the audience finds itself in a position of confusion and distortion between reality and imaginary, as the media tends to influence their behaviour in society in such manner that they establish an audience-media relationship (Turner, 1999). Laura Mulvey (1975) argued that in relation to violent representations of crime and the psychoanalytical approach, the media is shaped around the principles of narcissism and voyeurism. Mulvey (1975) also believed that these two principles are main feature for the film industry in order to establish the audience-media relationship. The psychoanalytical approach also established a connection of human sexuality to the notion audience-media relationship. Media productions also focused on the revealing of the female body and using it as a tool, whilst the male viewer is thought to be central to the notion of spectator. Violent representation in the media appears in many ways, and the media has always been taken for granted as a source of trust by presenting their stories and revealing the true nature of the environment. By the simple method of how media releases their stories, part of the audience does not take into consideration the fact that these stories react at an unconscious level and sometimes violent representations can lead to instigation. The media is a powerful tool that by using the right set of words and images can alter the audience into believing what they want them to believe. People choose to watch violence in the media, not as a source of comfort, but most of the times as a precaution to have a better understanding of the society in which they live in and to know how to behave or react (Goldstein, 1998). It is up to every individual how he reacts to the set of imagery and words, although the media is already offering a certain perspective. Jeffrey Goldstein (1998) stated that ‘An undeniable characteristic of violent imagery is its emotional wallop. It gives most people a jolt.’ (Goldstein, 1998:216). Based on this argument, the notion of violence for some audience represents a part of interest, an incentive. Not only that it reacts as an incentive, but audiences that enjoy violent representation, according to Goldstein (1998), emphasize a great understanding in their own personal lives the notion of violence. For some it might be just the fact of seeking the thrill of experiencing the good guy or bad guy experience. On the other hand the joy of watching violent representations of crime might be expressed as ‘an outcome of the â€Å"civilizing process†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Elias, N., Dunning, E. cited in Goldstein, 1998:217), outcome that stands between the lack of opportunity and real life experience. . Violence in the media appears in a more exciting way for others, thus the attraction for violent imager y results as desire to overcome their state of mind. Moving on to the sociological approach in order to explain the desire to watch violence in the media, we take into consideration the work of Stuart Hall (1973), who sought the media as a challenge and tried to expose a new theory about how the production is made, how it is broadcasted and how it is absorbed by the audience. In short terms he explains the process of encoding and decoding of messages and images. Stuart Hall (1973) explains that the media-audience relationship works through the help of the sender, the message and the receiver. He argues that the media creates his own message and sends it across to the audience, but the audience itself might not perceive the transparent message that should be received. Martin Innes (2004) developed a social understanding of the signs and sign system of risk perception, also referred as â€Å"signal crimes†, and it focuses on the way people interpret and define threats to their security. Mass media is a useful tool in analysing the signal crime methodology, as it provides information in how certain news can shape critical events into signal crimes (Innes, 2004). The central idea of the signal crimes perspective is that every person is entitled perceive their own understanding of crime, thus violence in the media occurs as a criminogenic risk. â€Å"The [media violence] debate has been profoundly masculine in orientation. One of the most significant challenges of the future is to shift the terms of debate away from the dominant, but limiting, models of free speech and censorship, which derive from masculine ideas of aggressive journalistic realism on the one hand and of paternalistic protectionism on the other†(Cunningham, 1992:71). Media takes an important place in our lives, as it constantly providing us public culture, although in terms of violence it might be in some cases risk aware, or if it just only to satisfy ourselves by stepping out of the boundaries of reality ( Carter, 2003). Taking for instance the news industry, it is their number one priority to sell violence and keep it on the front page of their newspapers or on television. The question that arouses on these premises is why do violence sells? Most of the times the audience’s perception lies in the factor of security and integrity, therefore the notion of violence for them stands in terms of their own security, how safe they feel in their private home or in the street (Carter, 2003). The carnivalesque or transgression approach has its roots in Mikhail Bakhtin’s (1941) theory as he describes it as a speech-genre that manifests across different cultural grounds, especially in carnival. He describes a carnival as being a pass for everything, where audiences and actors takes place with no difference aside them. Also the notion of carnival was stripping people of rank, thus making everyone participating with equal status, boundaries between rich and poor disappearing. The whole purpose of the carnival was to allow people to express thoughts and creativity in a free manner (Bakhtin, 1941). Following these arguments, we can perceive media as being the central theme in terms of the carnival, however audiences participating only as audiences. By the representation of violence in the media, taking into account Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of carnivalesque, we can also consider that media is an instigation to push our limits and exceed the normal routine by joinin g their own â€Å"carnival†. Media is considered to be a useful tool in mass control, by sending out transparent messages, by instigating people or by simply revealing the society itself. In other cases, like videogames, the audience is drawn into violence as it offers a source of impersonation by taking the place of a bad guy or good guy and seeking justice and adventure by committing violent acts. It can relate to the fact that videogames fill the gap between place of desire and reality, as it also offers a sense of strength and puts the individuals in a place of complete control and power (Carter, 2003). As with the development of technology, people are drawn into films that include violence as it offers a different understanding of the social surrounding and that is with the help of special effects. Looking at horror movies or science fiction movies, special effects play an important part to the media-violence-audience effect. It is recognised that the acts of grotesque that appear on screen are unacceptable , but however that is what people are drawn into, too see the world with different eyes (Carter, 2003).

Using a PC on a Network :: essays research papers

Computer networking, like most industries, has its own jargon, which includes technical terms, abbreviations, and acronyms. Without a good grasp of the terminology, it will be difficult to understand the concepts and processes involved in networking. A network interface card (NIC), pronounced "nick," is also called the LAN adapter, or just the network interface. This card typically goes into an ISA, PCI, or PCMCIA (PC card) slot in a computer and connects to the network medium. It then connects to other computers through the network media. Media refers to the various physical environments through which transmission signals pass. Common network media include twisted-pair, coaxial, and fiber-optic cable, and even the earth's atmosphere through which wireless transmission occurs. A protocol is a set of rules. In the case of a network protocol, it is a set of rules by which computers communicate. The term "protocol suite" describes a set of several protocols that per form different functions related to different aspects of the communication process. Cisco IOS software which runs on Cisco equipment and devices, is the industry-leading and most widely deployed network system software. It delivers intelligent network services for enabling the rapid deployment of Internet applications. Cisco IOS software provides a wide range of functionality, from basic connectivity, security, and network management to technically advanced services. The functionality of Cisco IOS software is the result of a technological evolution. First-generation networking devices could only store and forward data packets. Today, Cisco IOS software can recognize, classify, and prioritize network traffic, optimize routing, support voice and video applications, and much more. Cisco IOS software runs on most Cisco routers and Cisco switches. These network devices carry most of the Internet traffic today. Network operating system (NOS) usually refers to server software such as Windows NT, Windows 2000 Server, Windows Server 2003, Novell NetWare, UNIX, and Linux. The term sometimes refers to the networking components of a client operating system such as Windows 95 or the Macintosh OS. Connectivity devices refer to several different device types, all of which are used to connect cable segments, conne ct two or more smaller networks (or subnets) into a larger network, or divide a large network into smaller ones. The term encompasses repeaters, hubs, switches, bridges, and routers. Network applications Network applications are software programs that run between different computers connected together on a network. Some of the more common uses of network applications include using a web browser program to find content from the World Wide Web, or using an e-mail program to send e-mails over the Internet.

Stay at Home Moms vs Working Moms

Many women have careers before they began their family. But once the first child arrives, it is time to decide whether to be a stay-at-home mom or to go back to work. There are many factors that go into this decision and it is different for every family. Making a decision to stay at home with the children or join the workforce can be a difficult process. I have been fortunate to experience being a stay-at-home mom for three years. I’ve come o realize the benefits of becoming a stay-at-home mom versus a working mom is having more time with the children, less stress, and it saves financially. One of the biggest and most obvious benefits of being a stay-at-home mom is the amount of time available to spend with the children. A stay-at-home mom is assured her children are being raised in a healthy, positive environment. Stay-at-home moms can expect fewer doctor bills, some children don’t come in contact with as many viruses and bacteria at home than at a daycare. If they do get a cold or the flu, the parent at home does not have to scramble to find care or ask for a day off of work. They are already at home with the child. Mothers at home have their busy days, but also have days where they spend time doing things just for the kids. They can go to the park at a moments notice. As a stay-at-home mom, I have the time to sit with my children and read books, play with race cars, and teach them the letters of the alphabet. Some benefits of being a stay-at-home mom is the mother is able to teach and educate her children, and have more consistent discipline. By staying at home, mothers can ensure that their children have the best start in life, by giving them the love and support they need. Staying at home can mean reduced stress to a slower, less frantic pace. While the world around us is going a million miles an hour, my children’s world is calm and stable. There is no morning rush to get everyone out the door and there are no chaotic evenings where we are not sure who is going to cook supper. I can give my children the time they deserve instead of cramming in time here and there. It is true that raising children can be stressful, but mothers who stay at home have less stress upon them than the working moms. Probably one of the biggest factors helping to decide if a parent should stay at home with the children is whether it is economically feasible. In many small ways, my being at home enables us to live on less (which means we have less income). Because I am at home, I have the time to keep track of our finances month-to-month and put together a detailed shopping list which helps keep our grocery bill to a minimum. Transportation expenses also often drops for stay-at-home moms. This can also decrease the premiums of auto insurance. A benefit of staying at home has the ability to save on or even eliminate the cost of child care. One of the most easily forgotten factors is taxes will decrease with the loss of that second income. After all, the decrease in taxes is not only in terms of dollars but also in the tax bracket. A stay-at-home mom eats out less often on average. Also the amount a stay-at-home mom spends on clothing generally goes down significantly. There is little need for a stay-at home mom to constantly buy new clothing. When a mother decides to stay-at-home, she can cut the hidden cost of work funds. Stay-at-home parenting is a full time occupation and definitely not and easy one. For my husband and I, we felt that taking a more active role in our children’s care, raising them up in the things we believe, and teaching and loving them for those precious early years would be beneficial to them. The best part of staying at home is setting my own schedule and getting to do fun things with my kids. Each set of parents has an idea of how they want their children to be raised. No one can raise children the way parents want except the parents themselves. There is a special bonding and interaction that grows and takes place between parents and children when either parent is able to stay at home. Sharing everyday life with kids, seeing them growing on a daily basis and giving the love and attention the need can make both parents and kids happy.

Crayfish Lab Report Essays

Crayfish Lab Report Essays Crayfish Lab Report Paper Crayfish Lab Report Paper Frequency vs.. Stretch a) In our classroom experiment, after dissecting and preparing our crayfish ail, we sucked up a MR.. Receptor neuron with our electrode to record firing of the nerve as we adjusted the length of the crayfish tail using a string attached to both the uncomplimentary and the end of the tail. Unlike our classroom experiment, the methods for Delicacy and Crevice and Van Gilders experiment dealt directly with the MR.. Strand, to be more specific -the isolated abdominal stretch receptors of the crayfish. In Deletions experiment, the MR.. Strand was held at each end by forceps and a microelectronic was inserted into the cell body of the sensory neuron. Gentle manipulations of the forceps caused a stretch in the MR.. Generating a generator potential in the strand that caused a spike potential in the sensory neuron. As stated earlier, methodically, Crevice and Van Gilders experiment didnt differ significantly because they too interacted directly with the MR.. Receptor neuron. The independent variable in each experiment was the stretch applied to the neuron. The dependent variable for our classroom experiment and Deletions experiment was the firing rate, but Crevice and Van Gilders experiment contained an additional dependent arabletension (which is linearly related to the firing rate). B) According to Crevice and Van Gilders Figure 7, stretch and tension are linearly related. The graphs reveal that with increasing tension, firing rate and tension increase progressively faster. The relationship of both tension and firing rate to stretch are exponential (Crevice and van Gelded, 1961). Because of the differences in our methodical approaches, our classroom experiment is not directly comparable to Delicacy or Crevice and van Gilders. The authors data is much more comparable because Delicacy and Crevice applied stretch erectly to the MR.. Strand, so the stretch in mm is directly comparable for the two. In our classroom experiment, we have a much bigger range because we dealt with the entire crayfish tail, so mulch of the movement in millimeters goes into lifting the tail itself. C) The best-fit curve for my results of firing rate vs Trench applied is exponential. Similarly to Deletions results, my stretch is linearly related to the firing for the first three data points. For the last two values, my scale begins to increase exponentially and starts to resemble Crevice and van Gilders results. Operational errors that could account for differences in the class data would be recordings incorrectly taken before the neuron has adapted (values would be higher). The class dat a supports Deletions linear results, but it could be that our classroom experiment would have increased exponentially with increased stretch. Deletions data is linear in his experiment, but the range of stretch values is considerably smaller than Crevices. Similarly to my experiment, Crevices data also follows this linear trend until it reaches a level of stretch that causes an increase in tension and thereby and increase in the firing rate. In Figure 7 of Crevice and Van Gelded, it is at the two largest values for stretch that the firing rate increases from linear to exponential. The fact that Crevice obtains values for firing rate at larger values of stretch could explain why his results showed exponential growth after a certain value. ) There is a huge amount of variance in the stress vs Frequency relation for the class. Simple biological factors like individual variance could account for the variance in the data. In Table 1 of Crevices paper, he acknowledges that he differences in the receptor taken from the same cross section could have contributed to inaccuracies in his experiment (Crevice 1961 Another biological fac tor that might influence the slope of the stretch frequency curve could be tension. For instance, a less flexible crayfish (i. E. More tense) would have a faster firing rate for a given stretch than a more flexible crayfish would. . Frequency vs.. Time a. In our particular experiment, a spike potential is the action potential of the sensory neuron that is driven by the generator potential. A generator potential n the MR.. Is driven by a net inward current of An+ and Ca++ or an PEPS, after activation of the anchorperson. This generator potential gets the membrane potential to threshold and thereby causes an Action Potential (spike potential). The contributions of the generator adaptation and spike adaptation could be separated experimentally by application of a spike inhibitor, which in Crevices experiment is represented by determination. ) In slowly adapting neurons, spike adaptation makes a greater contribution to overall adaptation. In Figure IA, the spike potential has been isola ted and according to this experiment, the behavior of the neurons spike potential is consistent with what we know about tonic receptors. Under a constant current, the slow adapting neuron transitions from a rapid firing of action potentials to the slower fire represented by larger enterprise intervals. In Figure B, the spike adaptation for the fast adapting receptor, too, is consistent with our knowledge of aphasic receptors. There was an initial firing rate at the onset of the current, but while the current was still applied, we see a drop to zero for the aphasic acceptors firing rate. (Making 1964). Conversely, in Figure AAA and B, where both aphasic and tonic generator potentials are isolated, there is essentially no difference between the two potentials behavior(Making 1964). This suggests that the generator potential has no effect on the behavior of the neurons and its adaptation mechanism. D) In both Figure 10 and my own, the adaptation over some duration to a constant stimulus is logarithmic. According to our overall adaptation result the rate of firing of a slowly adapting neuron slows when exposed to a constant tumulusFigure 10 of Making follows the same form because our classroom experiments also follow a logarithmic curve. ) In my analysis of whether the ion concentration model accounts for both adaptation and the immediate recovery from overstretch, I conclude that this model only partially applies because of its plausible explanation for spike adaptation. According to the Unrest equation (log Anal/Amount), the An concentration inside and outside of the cell could chemically equilibrate. Based on where ANA is determines the deportation of the action potential and if ANA were to drop below threshold (due to equilibration of An concentrations and sm aller influx of An ions), we would not get firing. Conversely, application of the ion concentration model to immediate recovery from overstretch doesnt directly apply because it cant explain how the ion concentrations would immediately become more available extracurricular to provide the ANA needed to cause firing of the action potential. The process of generating a concentration gradient could not logically occur that quickly. Ii) In order to test the sensitivity of a particular ion channel, we could use the attach clamp method and analyze its response to a constant stimulus and see whether or not we get a change in ion influx over time (thats not due to ion concentration).

hobbema essays

hobbema essays In central Alberta there is a little town called Hobbema. And there are four little Indian Reservations. They are Montana, Samson, Louis Bull, and Erimineskin. I live on the Ermineskin Reservation .It is a very interesting place to live and we also have many schools on the different reservations. Erimenskin was founded in 1934 when chief Erimeskin singed treaty six. We also hold a POW wow every year and the POW wow is very well known all over Alberta. Most of the region is a mixture of forest and plains and many foothills, and a lot of wild Alberta. We have had just made a new cultural collage called the muskwachees cultural collage and that will help my people excel. Muskwachees means bear hills because the region the was a lot of bears In the area way back in the days. Erimineskin Is a very wealthy reservation because in 1973 we struck oil and so they put most of the money In the children's trust fund so when the turn 18 they get there share of the money. One of the most weirdest things I think I've herd was in august of this year when a.m.a. Stopped insuring Hobbema's cars because the said we drove to crazy, to fast, and to to irrisponsible. We have a JR senior team and made it to some big finals in Germany and won it, my dad was also on that team. Other than that Hobbema is a pretty weird place to live in. ...

Eudoxus and Dedekind Irrational Numbers and Mathematical Development Essay

Eudoxus and Dedekind Irrational Numbers and Mathematical Development - Essay Example The theory, as stated, was very oblique and difficult. It was pondered by mathematicians until it was superseded in the nineteenth century. His definition of proportions in Euclid's work exemplifies the struggle taking place in the Greek mind to get a handle on this problem. Magnitudes are said to be in the same ratio, the first to the second and the third to the fourth, when, if any equimultiples whatever be taken of the first and third, and any equimultiples whatever of the second and fourth, the former equimultiples alike exceed, are alike equal to, or alike fall short of, the latter equimultiples taken in corresponding order. What could such an inscrutable statement possibly mean It seems that Eudoxus (through Euclid) must have sat up nights trying to write something that no one could comprehend. To understand this statement we must remember two things about Greek mathematics. First, Eudoxus was not talking about numbers, but magnitudes. The two were not the same and could not be related to each other. Second, the Greeks did not have fractions, so they spoke of the ratios of numbers and ratios of magnitudes. Hence, our fraction 2/3 was for them the ratio 2:3. For their geometry, they also needed to talk about ratios, not of numbers, but of geometric magnitudes. For example, they knew that the ratio of the areas of two circles is equal to the ratio of the squares of the diameters of the circles. We can show this as (Flegg, 1983) (area of circle A):(area of circle B) (radius of circle A)2:(radius of circle B)2 The Greeks had to be sure that when these ratios of magnitudes involved incommensurable lengths, the order relationships held. In other words, would their geometric proofs be valid when such proofs involved ratios of incommensurable lengths The definition developed by Eudoxus was an attempt to guarantee that they would. The magnitudes in the ratios have the following labels: first: second = third: fourth. Eudoxus said that the first and second magnitudes have the same ratio as the third and fourth if, when we multiply the first and third by the same magnitude, and multiply the second and fourth both by another magnitude, then whatever order we get between first and second will be preserved between the third and fourth. This explanation, simple as it is, can be rather confusing. An example will clarify the matter. We will assign the following lengths to the four magnitudes: 3:6 = 7:14. From this we get the following inequalities: 3 A3:B6 = A7:B14 or 15:12 = 35:28. Now clearly 15 > 12 and 35 > 28. Hence, multiplying by 5 and 2 preserved the order of the two ratios. Eudoxus' definition says that for two ratios to be equal, all values of A and B will preserve the order between the corresponding magnitudes. This gave Greek geometry the definition of magnitudes of ratios it needed to carry out the various proofs relying on proportion. However, magnitudes are not numbers, and the requirement that all values of A and B satisfy the definition introduced, through the back door, the notion of infinity. While Eudoxus' work satisfied the needs of geometers, it was

Gossip in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Gossip in the Workplace - Essay Example To start with, workplace gossip can have lasting effects and impressions. The workers and employees are best advised to abstain from it so that these gossip conversations do not have lasting effects in the long term. Workplace gossips can turn pretty ugly at times since the informal ‘grapevine’ network present within an organization spreads very quickly and no one can actually stop rumors as well as true stories from being shared openly. Continuing further, the causes of workplace gossips are that the small conversations which are held between two employees are spread to other workers working within the organization if the conversation is overheard by another individual who also works in that organization. (Heller, 1998) It is also possible that one of these two people might tell others who would further tell the remaining staff that is working within the organization and hence the gossip can turn really nasty at the end. With more and more informal gossips in the workplace, it is suggested that the employees are not concentrating properly on their assigned tasks and the bosses take particular note of this fact. They mention these points to the employees who like to gossip a lot and also warn them from time to time so that the gossip within the workplace is reduced drastically. The effects of this workplace gossip are that the employees have a bad image within the organization and they are not taken in high esteem. They are also told of concentrating on their own duties rather than wasting their times on having useless gossips all the time. (Drumheller, 2006) Workplace gossips also mean that the employees have lost a lot of interest in their work and they do not find their job challenging enough. The employers should provide comfort to these types of employees by changing their job nature or making their job focus a bit more different. They can also be delegated work in a

Japan and the Pacific Rim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Japan and the Pacific Rim - Essay Example Overall, Japan is considered a good place to do business because of its relatively stable economy and friendly local people. The Japanese economy has now slipped behind China in terms of GDP, although it is still considered a large economic force within Asia and the world as a whole. China is a strange case because their governmental systems and economic choices do not necessarily match up. The Chinese government is very strictly Communist, although over the last couple of decades, the ruling party has seen the need to bring about capitalist reform in order to propel China to become an economic superpower. Today, China has a great deal of political clout in such organizations as the United Nations because of its tremendous size. Other countries have picked up on this and realize how important trade can be with China. As such, many countries choose not to go against many Chinese economic decisions. China was not always the way it is today though. After China fell to the Communists in 1949, Mao Zedong led China through an era that ultimately proved unsuccessful. Millions of people died of starvation through China’s eccentric Communist policies. It took a long time for those in power in China to realize that capitalism may be a better option for a number of reasons. Korea used to be unified as one country; however, due to the Korean War in the early 1950’s, there is the Communist-backed North and the Democratic South. The economic differences between these two neighbors are vast and it can be put down to the difference between Communism and capitalism. The North Korean government is extremely secretive and rarely releases information to the outside world. On the other hand, South Korea can be considered as one of the success stories of Asia. In the late 1950’s, after the end of the Korean War, South Korea’s literacy rate was extremely high in conjunction with a very low average GDP per capita. It took a vast amount of modernization and new technology

Historical Development of the Early Childcare Essay Example for Free

Historical Development of the Early Childcare Essay a) History and current status of childcare provision in Ireland During the early Twentieth century in Ireland there was a lack of job opportunities for women in the workforce. Women were still seen largely seen as the ‘stay at home figure’. Due to this environmental impact, children were cared for in their own homes mainly by their mothers. Therefore there was less of a demand in the Early Childcare Education sector. This ended when children started attending Primary school. During the latter part of the Twentieth century, during the times of the Celtic Tiger, the number of job opportunities for women in the workforce escalated. This resulted in an increase in urbanisation and a decrease in family support. For example: Families lived further apart from each other, and as a result, it did not make sense to leave the children with their grandmother or other family members due to financial restrictions such as the price of fuel, or time restrictions such as the length of time taken to leave the children from one  destination to the other. This lead to parents seeking the childminding services privately or within their local area. Statistics have shown that approximately 60% of children under six years of age attended a form of childcare service at this time. (Class Notes) There was a substantial increase in the demand for both private and community childcare services. In response to the rapidly increasing demand for childcare service, it was deemed necessary that an ‘Expert Working Group on Childcare’ was formed. The Expert Working Group came together and arranged a meeting to discuss ways to resolve the upcoming problems within the childcare services sector. They held discussions on how to make childcare services more readily available and accessible to families in Ireland. It was recognized at this point, that there was a need to develop a ‘National Strategy’ to assist them with the transformation of the current childcare services sector. Thus, a National Strategy was developed and was published in 1999. The National strategy recognized and contained the following principles: ‘The Needs and the rights of the child, Equality of access and participation, Diversity, Partnership and Quality’ (Class Notes Page 2) It also contained suggestions and advice on support for parents/guardians, Laws relating childcare, Qualifications, Employment, Planning and Co-ordination. In 2002, the Centre for Early childhood development and Education was established. This centre was set up to develop standards and to improve the childcare sector. The Centre for early Childhood Development and Education aimed to ensure that every childcare setting (whether it was a Full-time / Part-time service or a Public / Private service); met the criteria and quality standards that that were established by the Centre. The main objective of the Centre for Early childhood development and Education was to focus on improving more disadvantaged are as as well as the more advantaged areas so as to ensure that all areas within the childcare sector offered the same quality of services In 2006, ‘Siolta’ was launched. Siolta was set up to implement the first aim of the Centre for Early Childhood Development and Education which was to develop the current standards within the childcare sector. This was called ‘The National Quality Framework for Early Education’. This ensured that there was support in improving quality across all childcare services which contained children from 0-6 years of age. Further to this, in 2009, a new scheme was introduced within the Childcare sector. The Early Childcare  Education scheme ‘Free pre-school place’ was formed. The free pre-school place enabled children within the age range of 3 years and 3 months and 4 years 6 months in September of the relevant year to engage in one free academic year within a full time or seasonal service. If a childcare service/ centre wanted to take part in the Early Childcare Education scheme, the criteria set out by Siolta had to be met and furthermore the Principles set by An Siolta would have to be implemented within their current childcare setting. It is important to recognize that this is the first time that Early childhood education has received any direct Universal funding. As a result of the free pre-school place initiative, the demand within the childcare sector continued to grow. (Siolta) More recent developments within the childcare sector include the introduction of a new initiative called ‘Aistear’, which was established by the Department of Education and Skills through NCCA in 2010. Aistear from the Irish word meaning ‘journey’, is of relevant importance to childcare settings where children from the ages of 0-6 years receive their care and education. Aistear works closely alongside Siolta and consists of an informal curriculum that contains twelve principles and themes that give guidance to the childcare worker. Aistear recognizes that education and care are not separate within the childcare sector and they aim to help children grow and develop independently.(Aistear) b) Current range of childcare provision in Ireland Six types of services that can be categorised under sessional and fulltime services are: Naà onraà  – A Naà onraà  is a sessional service. It organises and communicates with the playgroup through the medium of Irish, they recognise each child as individuals. The service doesn’t put pressure on children to speak Irish, they still encourage and support children either way. As the children are surrounded in Irish they will gradually pick up and learn the language in their own time. The service is recognised by Forbairt Naà onraà . Parent and toddler groups – This is a sessional service and is supported by Early Childhood Ireland. Parents and their children/toddlers meet in one area, often held in one of the parent houses who are taking part in the service. It gives children the opportunity to gain the experience of interacting with others, therefore promoting and developing the child’s social skills. It also gives parents the opportunity to intera ct with other  parents, gaining support of each other. Montessori pre-schools – The pre-school is usually privately run, it develops its curriculum around the methods of Dr Maria. The Montessori focuses mainly on the child’s educational development, its curriculum is therefore more practical based, isn’t fully focused on play. This action of purely practical based education may be scrutinised by certain individuals as it thought by some theorists that children should experience and develop through the experience of play at this young age. The pre-school functions on academic year and mainly cares for children from three to six years of age. Home and community playgroups – Home and community playgroups care for children within the age range of 2 and a half to five years of age, they operate in either a home or community basis. Home playgroups are generally privately funded where as community playgroups receive funding from the government, each service usually opens and runs for a period of three to four hours each day. The service highlights and develops children’s social and emotional learning through play. Crà ¨ches, Nurseries and Day care services – These services are recognised as a fulltime service and cater for children from the age of approximately three months to five years of age. They are open at a minimum of eight hours a day and usually provide a day-to-day curriculum. The services can be privately or publicly run, an increase in demand for these services greatly increased after the Free Pre-School Year was introduced. Each service provides the children attending the service with a hot meal and snacks during the duration of the day. Each service helps met the child’s safety, welfare and developmental needs. They also help children make the best of their abilities, whether that be through play or practical learning. Family Day Care – Children are looked after in the childminders home. There is no specific age group that Family Day Care caters for, they can cater for all different age groups at once in the same facility. The hours that the carer caters for the children is arranged between the child’s parent and the carer. The children become easily settled in this form of day care as they are only interacting and building a relationship with one adult with the service. The children are provided with snacks and possibly hot meals, depending on the length of time the child is attending the service. The service is supported and recognised by Childminding Ireland. c) Current range of roles in childcare support organisations and agencies Health Service Executive (HSE) – is the first service contacted when there is a serious concern involving a child safety or family issue , the Health Service Executive then has the responsibility of bringing services and agencies together to help resolve the concerned matter. The Health Service Executive provides services that helps protect and support children, parents/guardians and families. There are many roles within the Health Service Executive, they include: Family support worker – The Family support worker offers support and supplies services to family’s going through emotionally distressing times. The Family Support Worker tries to keep families remained together unless there is a family member deemed at serious risk if kept together. Some of the services that The Family Support Worker will supply to the family to try help resolve the issues are, â€Å"Parenting Skills, Confidence and Personal Development, Home Care management, Diet, Nutrition and Health Care, Budgeting and family Finance†. (Class notes page 4) Community Childcare Worker The Community Childcare Worker works alongside professionals to give support to children who are in disadvantaged families, deemed at risk, deprived or in care. The Community Childcare Worker also helps children deal with or come to an understanding of why they are in that care home. Social Worker – works with problematic families and individuals, The Social Worker helps resolve problems in families whether that is emotional, behavioural or social problems. Social Workers also deal with problems such as child abuse, domestic violence, and adoption. Before removing children from their home and separating families social worker s have to prove that they have gave families every option possible, if the family /parents does not comply with any of the options, the matter continues to rise and the child/children are still recognised at risk then the case is taken to court and assessed by a Judge whether the child/children should be removed from the family home, thus action is seen as a last resort. Barnardos – Barnardos is Ireland’s biggest children’s charity. It is focused on working with children and families on, whether that be group work or one-on-one interaction. Barnardos help children make the best of their abilities when going through difficult situations, such as neglect, abuse,  or poverty. They provide a range of services to help families through distressing time’s i.e counselling, and bereavement help lines. Barnardos also protest against Government laws that affect children and their way of living e.g. child benefit cuts. d) Six National Childcare organisations Barnardos – Barnardos is Ireland’s biggest children’s charity, it is mainly focused on working with children and families. Barnardos provide a range of services to help assist and support families through distressing times, they also help children make the best of their abilities whilst going through or have gone through difficult times e.g. neglect. Childminding Ireland- is a registered Charity and was created in 1986. It was created by a small group of childminders that further grew into a bigger organisation. The organisation promotes home-based childcare. Forbairt Naà onraà  Teoranta – is a voluntary organisation which supports education and care for children from birth who are brought up in Irish. St.Nicholas Montessori Society of Ireland – Provide opportunities for Montessori teachers to further their profession. They also offer help, support and give guidance for Montessori teachers. The Irish Society for the prevention of Children’s Cruelty – Provide a 24hour support service for children who are going through a difficult situations. States that id high quality childcare service wants to keep their service high quality, then the service must ensure that there is good child protection within the facility. The organisation also recognises children are individuals and therefore the child’s right s and values should be supported. Border Counties Childcare Network – Is a network that services in counties such as Monaghan, Meath, Louth, Cavan, Donegal, Sligo and Leitrim in helping deliver a childhood service of high quality. LO4: Clear explanation the rights of the child in the context of an ECCE setting. A) Examine the UN convention on the Rights of the Child. The UN convention on the Rights of the Child has 54 articles. These  fifty-four articles are a written list of the different types of the child’s rights, if those rights are intentionally broken it is seen as breaking the law. The UN convention on the Rights of the child can be broken into four broad areas, these four areas are – Survival, Development, Protection and Participation. Survival – The child has a right to life and the right to the basic requirements to survive life e.g. food, water, shelter, clothing, medical aid. Development – The child has a right to education, religion, play, develop the identification of right and wrong and leisure. The child also has the right to be provided with a safe environment to develop these skills and knowledge. Protection – The child has the right to be protected against abuse and neglect. If a child has come in interference with and suffered from abuse then the child has the right to some form of counselling to come to an understanding and overcome the traumatic situation. Participation – The child has the right to join organisations e.g. clubs, groups, freedom of expression and speech. Standard 1: Right of the child. â€Å"Ensuring that each child’s rights are met, requires that she/he is enabled to exercise choice and to use initiative as an active participant and partner in her/his own development and learning.† (Siolta page 13) Component 1.1 – Choice for the child Practitioners could put component 1.1 into practice at meal time. By giving the child the options at meal time, this could be achieved by giving the child the choice of two different meals therefore enabling the child to make its own choices. If a child decides they do not want to eat at meal time the practitioner should respect the child’s decision. By having different utensils available at meal time e.g. chopsticks, this provides choice for the child. The child can then make the choice on what they want to eat there meal with. Component 1.2 – Use initiative A practitioners could put component 1.2 into practice with a child from twelve – thirty-six months by providing the opportunity of letting the child out on its coat independently, enabling the child to zip or button  the coat. The practitioner should talk the child through the process, encourage the child as she/he is trying to overcome and accomplish the task and support the child if he/she comes into difficulty. Component 1.3 – active participants A practitioner could put component 1.3 into practice with a child from birth to eighteen months by viably communicating. While/when the practitioner is changing the child’s nappy he/she could viably communicate to the child and make eye contact whilst changing its nappy. The practitioner could also sing nursery rhymes and act out movements to the child e.g. three little pigs, touching the child’s toes whilst singing the rhyme. This makes the child feel comfortable and an active participant throughout the activity. LO2: Detained description of the qualifications and experience needed for work associated with one occupation in the ECCE sector. a) Outline legislations, policies, practices and procedures pertaining to ECCE provision. Childcare Act 1991 Provides asset of rules relating to children/young adults under the age of eighteen in Ireland, it governs the care and protection of children in Ireland. (Classnotes) Due to this legislation the Health Service Executive has a mandatory duty to promote and protect the wellbeing of all children under this act. Children who are being abused or at risk, this Act allows those children to be removed or be placed under the care of the Health Service Executive. In relation to preschool services the Act is consulted with when rules and regulations are being drawn up for the supervision of children of pre-school services. Under the Act the pre-school carers have a responsibility and duty to implement safety and wellbeing of children under their pre-school setting. If the pre-school carer has concern for a child’s safety health it is their responsibility to notify the Health Service Executive. If a new pre-school setting is being set up or is intending to set up the local Health Service Executive must be notified. The Health Service Executive then has a duty to inspect the pre-school setting to  ensure the health and safety standards of the setting are being met. The rules and regulations drawn up from the Act must be strictly followed by the practitioners. Childcare (preschool services) Regulations 2006 The regulation outlines the standards that a preschool setting of any form must put/have in place before it can commence e.g. all forms of health, safety and welfare of the setting must be put in place to ensure full safety of the child is being met. It is the Health Service Executive’s duty for inspecting and giving a report of information on pre-schools of any sort or kind who care for children from the age of zero-six years of age. The regulation is arranged in six parts – thirty-three regulations and can be broadly covered over the following areas: â€Å"Health, welfare and development of the child Notification and inspection by the Health Service Executive Record keeping Standard of premises and facilities General administration† (class notes) Policies and procedures must be drawn up and developed from these points. Children First 1999 Children First was first made available in the year 1999 but was later replaced with Children First: National Guidance for the Protection and Welfare of Children 2011. The general rule of the document was left unchanged but acknowledges past inspections and reports and feedback, due to this the document had been edited to set out distinctive guidelines that individual roles should take is concerned for a child’s health, safety and welfare. Children First: National Guidance for the Protection and Welfare of Children 2011 main aims are to ensure children’s health safety and welfare are being constantly met. That society are aware that they should not assume but should report any concerns regarding a child’s health and safety and realise that it is their responsibility to put this action into place. The legislation provides advise/support for parents/guardians in regards to their role as a parent/carer. Inspections made by the ‘Department of Education and Science’ will take place through-out schools of all sorts to  reinforce and ensure that the new legislation is being enforced. Siolta Siolta is made up of twelve principals, sixteen standard and seventy-five components. The twelve principals provide the base of the frame work. Without the principals the components wouldn’t be able to be put in place. The principals give direction for childcare workers on how they should carry out their work in an Early Childhood Care and Education environment, how to interact and communicate with children and fillies, how subjects should be taught and how the services that the childcare worker works in should be organised. The twelve principles contain: Equality – is a necessary aspect to have in a childcare setting, it is essential every child feels equal. Diversity- Every childcare setting should recognise that each child comes from very different backgrounds. It is the childcares settings responsibility to confirm that they understand, respect and accommodate this with visual aids e.g. posters, dolls from different ethnic backgrounds, chopsticks in the home area ec t. Environment- The physical layout of the setting should be organised to meet, encourage and develop the child’s abilities so the child can reach their full potential. Welfare- The child’s health, safety and welfare is essential and should be met as much as it possibly can be e.g. if a child has chicken pock’s, that child should be removed to a room where no other children are present the child’s parents should be contacted and the child shouldn’t return until it has cleared to prevent it infecting other children. The role of the adult- The adult working in the setting has a responsibility to make sure the child is making the most of their experience and are reaching full potential while in that adults company. Teamwork-Good communication and respect should be shown and practised in settings between the various workers in the setting. If there isn’t respect among workers, there won’t be good teamwork skills therefore the children present in that company will pick up on the negative energy and put what they have picked up on into practice. Pedagogy- The study and theory of the methods and principals of teaching should be put in place in early childhood care and education through holistic play, as this is the most appropriate method of learning for children of that age range. Play-Should be promoted, as it is an essential part in a child’s development  whether that be physical or theory learning. Sioltas sixteen standards are essential and necessary in services as it give guidance for workers within the service, IT gives guidance on how to act, provide and develop services with the setting. The standards contain various elements such as the various elements such as the child’s rights to the legislation and regulation. It’s from the sanders that the seventy-five components are made up. The components help meet the standard. Without the sixteen standards and seventy-five components the knowledge of the twelve principals wouldn’t be able to be put in place as effectively. Siolta was created to improve the way childcare is taught, organised, carried out and viewed in the Early Childhood Care and Education settings who cater for children from the age range of birth to six years of age. It â€Å"defines, assess and supports† these improvements. Early Childhood Care and Education settings and services taking part in the free school year must implement Siolta, making more demand for the service. (siolta) Aistear Aistear, was established by the Department of Education and Skills through NCCA in 2010. Aistear from the Irish word meaning ‘journey’, is of relevant importance to childcare settings where children from the ages of 0-6 years receive their care and education. Aistear works closely alongside Siolta and consists of an informal curriculum that contains twelve principles and themes that give guidance to the childcare worker. Aistear recognizes that education and care are not separate within the childcare sector and they aim to help children grow and develop independently. (Aistear) The manager The manager is required to have a minimum level 7/8 qualification in childcare, they have to manage the day-to-day routine of the preschool setting, ensuring that the developmental needs, safety and wellbeing of each individual child are being met. The manager may also be required to work unsocial hours and must attend to relevant meetings. The manager also has the responsibility to ensure the child protection policy is being implemented within the setting, recording and concerns and also ensuring high sanders of safety are being maintained at all times. (Class notes) The Childcare assistant The Childcare assistant is required to have a minimum of a level 5 qualification in childcare and previous experience is required. They assist in the day-to-day organisation and preparation of the childcare setting. The Childcare assistant must maintain all personal information of the individual children as confidential and at times have to work unsocial hours. The assistant must ensure the children within their care are receiving high standards of care, safety and wellbeing whilst also ensuring the developmental need of the children are being met accurately. The Childcare Assistant will have to at times participate in fundraising activities, special events and outings. They must strictly follow the Child Protection policy and report any concerns. (class notes) The Playgroup Leader The Playgroup Leader is required to have a minimum of a level 5 qualification in childcare and previous experience in childcare is required. The Playgroup Leader is required to manage the day-to-day routine of the playgroup. The playgroup leader has the responsibility to ensure the safety, wellbeing and developmental needs of the children are being continually being met. They must keep all personal information regarding the children within the service, children’s family and staff strictly confidential. Must strictly follow and promote the Child Protection Policy, ensuring high standers of hygiene and quality are being promoted within the setting. Organise regular meetings with parents throughout the year. Must regularly carry out appraisal on the staff’s performance, make sure all staff and volunteers have guard vetting. Must try to obtain good staff more and show respect to other staff members. Special Needs Assistant A Special Needs Assistant must have a minimum level5 qualification in childcare. Must ensure that all personal information regarding children or staff they work with remains confidently then it should be reported. Must strictly follow the Child Protection Act and make sure the developmental needs of the child are being met. The assists are recruited to help assist  and support children with special needs or difficult behaviour problems in schools. The assistants engage regularly with the parents of the special needs child, they also participate in fundraising activities, special events and outings to further help the child or children with special needs. Montessori teacher Must have a minimum level5 qualification in childcare. Must strictly follow the Child Protection Act and make sure the developmental needs of the child are being met, ensuring high standards of hygiene and quality are being promoted within the setting. A Montessori has the responsibly to provide opportunities for children so they can figure out how to do something for themselves. Must observe children within the setting and comment on their development. They provide challenging tasks for the children, so they make the best of their abilities. Organise meetings with the parents throughout the year. Detailed description of the qualifications and experience needed for work associated with on occupation in the ECCE sector. One occupation in the Early Child Care and Education sector I have chose to further evaluate on is the pre-school manager. The pre-school manager has many roles and responsibilities such as: Being strictly confidential within and outside the Early Childhood Care and Education setting in relaxation to keeping personal information about the children, their family and also the staff. Ensuring when planned activities are taking place that each individual child’s developmental needs are being met. Making sure that every area and all facilities of the Early Childhood Care and Education setting are being met to Sioltas standards. Has the role of preparing and creating curriculum plans for the staff to carry out in the Early Childhood Care and Education setting. Making sure that there is good staff morale, resolving any issues that arise promptly and effectively Making sure that there the Child Protection policy is being promoted and that the policy is being firmly stuck to. If any concerns are arisen then the manager must document and record this. Organise meetings with parents throughout the year to inform them and discuss such things as the child’s progression and also  adhering to any concerns raised by the parents. It is also a role and responsibility of the manager to prepare and organise special event and outings for the children attending the Early Childhood Care and Education setting. ( class notes) The preschool manager must have a minimum qualification of level of seven/eight in childcare.\This qualification can be obtained in most IT’s. The duration of study that it would take to obtain this would be approximately three to four years depending on the level of qualification. To then further become a pre-school manager the level of experience the individual would need to have would depend on the Early Childhood Care and Education setting. Generally the minimum experience needed by the individual would be approximately two – four years. It would be appropriate that the individual had experience as a supervisor before becoming a pre-school manager. Employment and Career Opportunities in Childcare Funding that is made available to state to childcare services, such as the Equal Opportunities Childcare Programme, the Early Childhood Care and Education Scheme / Free Pre-School year and Community Childcare Solovention scheme make the option of childcare services more appealing and therefore increase the demand for childcare services. As a result of the increased demand for childcare services, the demand for employment opportunities also increases. The Early Childhood care and Education Scheme / Free Pre-school year (FPSY) was introduced in 2009. The scheme recognized the importance of qualifications within the childcare sector and as a result it introduced a minimum qualifications standard for pre-school leaders. An important feature of the scheme is that it offers more funding for better qualified staff and because of this feature it can increase or decrease an individual’s employment opportunities e.g. if an individual applied for a particular position in which the state requires the potential employee to hold a Level 7 qualification, and the candidate did not hold a Level 7 qualification,  that candidate will most likely not get the position as a result as their employment would not benefit the pre-school. The Community Childcare Subvention Scheme is a support scheme that was set up to aid and support non-profit childcare services/centres. This scheme does not support profit childcare services. The schemes main focus is to help the non-profit childcare services. This scheme allows non-profit childcare services to provide their services at a lower rate, which enables children with disadvantaged parents the opportunity to attend childcare services. Each Community based service that takes part in the Community Childcare scheme, has the responsibility to make a guideline available of the different rates for each type of service that they offer to parents. There are four types of fee rates available; and the parent/guardian will be offered the rate depending on what price band or category they fall into based on their individual financial situation. This scheme enables more access to all types of parents and therefore increases the demand for childcare services and effectively increases employment opportunities. Special Needs Assistant – Due to the downturn in the Irish Economy, there have been substantial cuts in Special Needs Assistants. It has been revealed that approximately 1200 Special needs assistant positions will be cut in the near future. (Class notes) If this happens, there will be a sharp decrease in the amount of employment opportunities available within the childcare sector. It is also thought that as a result of the cuts, individuals that currently hold a Level 7/8 qualification may not be willing to apply for job opportunities that become available due to the poor pay conditions and low status of the childcare positions. Progression of qualifications within the childcare sector e.g. achieving a Level 5 and progressing to a Level 6, Level 7 and Level 8 qualification is becoming more important to childcare workers to help them increase their employment opportunities. The better the qualification that a childcare worker obtains means they have a higher chance of securing employment within the childcare sector. E.g. If an advertisement is published in a newspaper for a childcare position, and an individual that holds a Level 5 applies  while also an individual what holds a Level 8 qualification also applies, the individual with the higher qualification i.e. the Level 8 qualification, will have a higher chance of getting the position. After obtaining a Level 8 qualification i.e. A Degree in childcare, which is generally obtained over a three year period, there is a career opportunity to continue to study towards a Primary school teaching qualification. A further two years of study in Teacher training is also required before obtaining a qualification as a Primary school teacher. After achieving a minimum of a Level 7/8 qualification, there is also the opportunity to become a manager within a childcare setting. An individual seeking to further their career or who wishes to pursue a career in management would also need sufficient experience within the early childcare and education setting to secure a higher position. This career opportunity can only become available for the individual if they have obtained a Level 7/8 qualification.